Do little embryos make big decisions? How maternal dietary protein restriction can permanently change an embryo's potential, affecting adult health.
Reprod Fertil Dev
; 27(4): 684-92, 2015 May.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-25730413
ABSTRACT
Periconceptional environment may influence embryo development, ultimately affecting adult health. Here, we review the rodent model of maternal low-protein diet specifically during the preimplantation period (Emb-LPD) with normal nutrition during subsequent gestation and postnatally. This model, studied mainly in the mouse, leads to cardiovascular, metabolic and behavioural disease in adult offspring, with females more susceptible. We evaluate the sequence of events from diet administration that may lead to adult disease. Emb-LPD changes maternal serum and/or uterine fluid metabolite composition, notably with reduced insulin and branched-chain amino acids. This is sensed by blastocysts through reduced mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 signalling. Embryos respond by permanently changing the pattern of development of their extra-embryonic lineages, trophectoderm and primitive endoderm, to enhance maternal nutrient retrieval during subsequent gestation. These compensatory changes include stimulation in proliferation, endocytosis and cellular motility, and epigenetic mechanisms underlying them are being identified. Collectively, these responses act to protect fetal growth and likely contribute to offspring competitive fitness. However, the resulting growth adversely affects long-term health because perinatal weight positively correlates with adult disease risk. We argue that periconception environmental responses reflect developmental plasticity and 'decisions' made by embryos to optimise their own development, but with lasting consequences.
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Proteínas Alimentares
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Dieta com Restrição de Proteínas
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Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição Materna
/
Desenvolvimento Embrionário
/
Desenvolvimento Fetal
Tipo de estudo:
Prognostic_studies
Limite:
Animals
/
Pregnancy
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Reprod Fertil Dev
Assunto da revista:
MEDICINA REPRODUTIVA
Ano de publicação:
2015
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Reino Unido