Aluminum adjuvants of vaccines injected into the muscle: Normal fate, pathology and associated disease.
Morphologie
; 100(329): 85-94, 2016 Jun.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-26948677
ABSTRACT
Aluminum oxyhydroxide (Alhydrogel(®)) is a nano-crystalline compound forming aggregates that has been introduced in vaccine for its immunologic adjuvant effect in 1926. It is the most commonly used adjuvant in human and veterinary vaccines but mechanisms by which it stimulates immune responses remain ill-defined. Although generally well tolerated on the short term, it has been suspected to occasionally cause delayed neurologic problems in susceptible individuals. In particular, the long-term persistence of aluminic granuloma also termed macrophagic myofasciitis is associated with chronic arthromyalgias and fatigue and cognitive dysfunction. Safety concerns largely depend on the long biopersistence time inherent to this adjuvant, which may be related to its quick withdrawal from the interstitial fluid by avid cellular uptake; and the capacity of adjuvant particles to migrate and slowly accumulate in lymphoid organs and the brain, a phenomenon documented in animal models and resulting from MCP1/CCL2-dependant translocation of adjuvant-loaded monocyte-lineage cells (Trojan horse phenomenon). These novel insights strongly suggest that serious re-evaluation of long-term aluminum adjuvant phamacokinetics and safety should be carried out.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Vacinas
/
Adjuvantes Imunológicos
/
Fasciite
/
Hidróxido de Alumínio
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Miosite
Tipo de estudo:
Etiology_studies
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Prognostic_studies
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Risk_factors_studies
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Morphologie
Assunto da revista:
ANATOMIA
Ano de publicação:
2016
Tipo de documento:
Article