Analysis of tryptase-positive mast cells and immunoexpression of MMP-9 and MMP-13 in periapical lesions.

ABSTRACT

AIM: To evaluate the immunoexpression of tryptase, MMP-9 and MMP-13 in periapical lesions, correlating them with the type of lesion, intensity of the inflammatory infiltrate and thickness of the epithelial lining. METHODOLOGY: Twenty periapical granulomas (PGs), twenty radicular cysts (RCs) and twenty residual radicular cysts (RRCs) were submitted to immunohistochemical analysis using antitryptase, anti-MMP-9 and anti-MMP-13 antibodies. Immunoexpression of MMP-9 and MMP-13 was quantitatively evaluated both in the connective tissue of all lesions and in the epithelial lining of RCs and RRCs. Tryptase-positive mast cells were counted only in the connective tissue. The data were analysed using Kruskal-Wallis and Fisher's exact tests, as well as Spearman's correlation test (P < 0.05). RESULTS: In comparison with RCs and RRCs, PGs exhibited higher immunoexpression of tryptase, MMP-9 and MMP-13 (P = 0.002, P = < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). In comparison with lesions with inflammatory infiltrates grades I and II, lesions with inflammatory infiltrate grade III had higher median percentages of MMP-13-positive cells (P = 0.003) and a tendency for higher expression of MMP-9 (P = 0.059). No significant difference was observed between the expression of the studied markers and epithelial thickness (P > 0.05). There were positive correlations between the number of tryptase-positive mast cells and the immunoexpression of MMP-9, as well as between the immunoexpression of MMP-9 and MMP-13. CONCLUSION: A larger number of tryptase-positive mast cells and greater enzymatic activity of MMP-9 and MMP-13 were found in PGs compared to RCs and RRCs. These findings are a characteristic of the dynamics of periapical diseases.