Synthetic biology-application-oriented cell engineering.

ABSTRACT

Synthetic biology applies engineering principles to biological systems and reprograms living cells to perform novel and improved functions. In this review, we first provide an update of common tools and design principles that enable user-defined control of mammalian cell activities with spatiotemporal precision. Next, we demonstrate some examples of how engineered mammalian cells can be developed towards biomedical solutions in the context of real-world problems.