Performance of passive sampling with low-density polyethylene membranes for the estimation of freely dissolved DDx concentrations in lake environments.
Chemosphere
; 200: 227-236, 2018 Jun.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-29494903
ABSTRACT
Laboratory and field studies were used to evaluate the performance of low-density polyethylene (PE) passive samplers for assessing the freely dissolved concentrations of DDT and its degradates (DDD and DDE, together referred to as DDx) in an Italian lake environment. We tested commercially available 25⯵m thick PE sheets as well as specially synthesized, 10⯵m thick PE films which equilibrated with their surroundings more quickly. We measured PE-water partitioning coefficients (Kpew) of the 10⯵m thick PE films, finding good correspondence with previously reported values for thicker PE. Use of the 10⯵mâ¯PE for ex situ sampling of a lake sediment containing DDx in laboratory tumbling experiments showed repeatability of ±15% (= standard deviation/mean). Next, we deployed replicate 10⯵m and 25⯵mâ¯PE samplers (Nâ¯=â¯4 for 10â¯d and for 30â¯d) in the water and sediment of a lake located in northern Italy; the results showed dissolved DDx concentrations in the picogram/L range in porewater and the bottom water. Values deduced from 10⯵m thick PE films compared well (95% of all comparison pairs matched within a factor of 5) with those obtained using PE films of 25⯵m thickness when dissolved DDx concentrations were estimated using performance reference compound (PRC) corrections, whether left at the bed-water interface for 10 or 30 days. These results demonstrated the potential of this sampling method to provide estimation of the truly dissolved DDx concentrations, and thereby the mobile and bio-available fractions in both surface waters and sediment beds.
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Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Poluentes Químicos da Água
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Monitoramento Ambiental
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Sedimentos Geológicos
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Polietileno
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DDT
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Recuperação e Remediação Ambiental
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Membranas Artificiais
País/Região como assunto:
Europa
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Chemosphere
Ano de publicação:
2018
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de publicação:
ENGLAND
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ESCOCIA
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GB
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GREAT BRITAIN
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INGLATERRA
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REINO UNIDO
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SCOTLAND
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UK
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UNITED KINGDOM