Effects of Long- and Intermediate-Acting Dihydropyridine Calcium Channel Blockers in Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 18 Prospective, Randomized, Actively Controlled Trials.
J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther
; 23(5): 433-445, 2018 09.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-29739234
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers are a heterogeneous group of antihypertensive drugs. Long-acting dihydropyridine agent amlodipine is widely used for monotherapy and combination therapy for hypertension in clinical practice, while intermediate-acting dihydropyridine agents have shown inconsistent results in randomized clinical trials (RCTs). METHODS ANDRESULTS:
A meta-analysis of 18 RCTs enrolling a total of 80,483 patients with hypertension followed for a mean of 51.4 months was performed. Amlodipine therapy was associated with 25% higher risk of heart failure (relative risk [RR] 1.25, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05-1.49, P = .019) but 17% lower risk of stroke (RR 0.83, [95% CI, 0.72-0.97], P = .009) without statistically significant effect on acute myocardial infarction (AMI) compared to major alternative antihypertensive therapy (MAAT), including ß-blocker, diuretic, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, or angiotensin-receptor blocker. Intermediate-acting dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker therapy was associated with 25% higher risk of heart failure (RR 1.25, [95% CI, 1.06-1.47], 0.005, P = .005) and 26% higher risk of AMI (RR 1.26, [95% CI, 1.05-1.51], 0.019, P = .019) compared to MAAT. Results of the subgroup analysis suggested that the intermediate-acting dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker was associated with higher risk of heart failure (RR 1.30, [95% CI, 1.08-1.56], P = .005) and AMI (RR 1.50, [95% CI, 1.01-2.22], P = .043) compared to renin-angiotensin system blockers and a trend toward higher risk of AMI (RR 1.17, [95% CI, 0.99-1.38], P = .064) compared to conventional therapy, including ß-blockers and diuretics. Meta-regression analyses suggested that long-acting dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker is associated with lower risk of AMI ( B -0.327, [95% CI, -0.530 to -0.123], P = .002) with a trend toward lower risk of stroke ( B -0.203, [95% CI, -0.410 to 0.003] P = .054).CONCLUSIONS:
This study suggests that Amlodipine offers greater protection against major complications of hypertension compared to intermediate-acting dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Pressão Sanguínea
/
Di-Hidropiridinas
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Bloqueadores dos Canais de Cálcio
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Hipertensão
/
Anti-Hipertensivos
Tipo de estudo:
Clinical_trials
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Diagnostic_studies
/
Etiology_studies
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Risk_factors_studies
/
Systematic_reviews
Limite:
Aged
/
Female
/
Humans
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Male
/
Middle aged
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther
Assunto da revista:
ANGIOLOGIA
/
CARDIOLOGIA
/
FARMACOLOGIA
Ano de publicação:
2018
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Estados Unidos