Feasibility and effectiveness of home-based exercise programs on physical performance and health-related quality of life of the older people dwelling on an isolated, doctor-less island.

AIM: To promote preventive care among older individuals dwelling on an isolated, doctor-less island, we investigated the feasibility and the efficacy of a home-based exercise program, depending on their functional status and health-related quality of life. METHODS: A total of 23 older (mean age 72.6 years) participants were assigned to a home-based exercise program (intervention group), and 34 older (mean age 74.2 years) participants were assigned to a group without any intervention (control group). The participants of the intervention group attended the exercise program three times a week for 3 months. The exercise program consisted of various exercises involving stretching, muscle strengthening, balance retraining and walking. The physical performance, Functional Independence Measure and Short-Form 36-item health survey were used to assess the physical and the mental wellbeing of the participants. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the changes in physical performance at baseline and post 3 months in both groups. However, the motor and the cognitive Functional Independence Measure scores significantly improved in the intervention group post 3 months. The domains of the Short-Form 36-item health survey improved post 3 months; particularly, significant improvement was observed in the physical functions, general health, vitality, mental health and mental component summary. CONCLUSIONS: Although an isolated island has several problems to support preventive care services, such as a lack of medical resources and availability of only a few healthcare workers, the present study provides evidence on the feasibility and efficacy of nurse-led home-based exercise programs for improving the physical and mental health of the older people dwelling on an isolated, doctor-less island. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2018; 18: 1313-1317.