Effects of Fuel Moisture Content on Emissions from a Rocket-Elbow Cookstove.
Environ Sci Technol
; 53(8): 4648-4656, 2019 04 16.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-30864796
ABSTRACT
Exposure to air pollution from solid-fuel cookstoves is a leading risk factor for premature death; however, the effect of fuel moisture content on air pollutant emissions from solid-fuel cookstoves remains poorly constrained. The objective of this work was to characterize emissions from a rocket-elbow cookstove burning wood at three different moisture levels (5%, 15%, and 25% on a dry mass basis). Emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), methane, fine particulate matter (PM2.5), PM2.5 elemental carbon (EC), PM2.5 organic carbon, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes were measured. Emission factors (EFs; g·MJdelivered-1) for all pollutants, except CO2 and EC, increased with increasing fuel moisture content CO EFs increased by 84%, PM2.5 EFs increased by 149%, formaldehyde EFs increased by 216%, and benzene EFs increased by 82%. Both modified combustion efficiency and the temperature at the combustion chamber exit decreased with increasing fuel moisture, suggesting that the energy required to vaporize water in the fuel led to lower temperatures in the combustion chamber and lower gas-phase oxidation rates. These results illustrate that changes in fuel equilibrium moisture content could cause EFs for pollutants such as PM2.5 to vary by a factor of 2 or more across different geographic regions.
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Poluentes Atmosféricos
/
Poluição do Ar
Tipo de estudo:
Risk_factors_studies
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Environ Sci Technol
Ano de publicação:
2019
Tipo de documento:
Article