Particle and organic vapor emissions from children's 3-D pen and 3-D printer toys.
Inhal Toxicol
; 31(13-14): 432-445, 2019.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-31874579
ABSTRACT
Objective:
Fused filament fabrication "3-dimensional (3-D)" printing has expanded beyond the workplace to 3-D printers and pens for use by children as toys to create objects.Materials andmethods:
Emissions from two brands of toy 3-D pens and one brand of toy 3-D printer were characterized in a 0.6 m3 chamber (particle number, size, elemental composition; concentrations of individual and total volatile organic compounds (TVOC)). The effects of print parameters on these emission metrics were evaluated using mixed-effects models. Emissions data were used to model particle lung deposition and TVOC exposure potential.Results:
Geometric mean particle yields (106-1010 particles/g printed) and sizes (30-300 nm) and TVOC yields (Discussion:
Potential exists for inhalation of organic vapors and metal-containing particles during use of these toys.Conclusions:
If deemed appropriate, e.g. where multiple toys are used in a poorly ventilated area or a toy is positioned near a child's breathing zone, control technologies should be implemented to reduce emissions and exposure risk.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Jogos e Brinquedos
/
Monitoramento Ambiental
/
Poluição do Ar em Ambientes Fechados
/
Material Particulado
/
Compostos Orgânicos Voláteis
/
Impressão Tridimensional
Limite:
Child
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Inhal Toxicol
Assunto da revista:
TOXICOLOGIA
Ano de publicação:
2019
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Estados Unidos