Acting against obesity: a cross-cultural analysis of prevention models in Spain, Argentina and Brazil.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr
; 62(8): 2192-2204, 2022.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-33325731
ABSTRACT
This article analyses and compares preventive models for obesity in Spain, Argentina and Brazil through an examination of the respective measures adopted to counter it in those countries. Based on a qualitative study of the main actions carried out since 2004, the aim is to delineate the conceptual framework and reflect on the reasons for their relative effectiveness. The results show that in contexts where prevalence has increased rapidly, sociocultural causes acquire greater explanatory power as opposed to biological and/or behavioral factors. These models premise worsening diets and sedentary lifestyles as being the main culprits, and assume that contemporary societies generate obesogenic and toxic environments. The international health bodies have developed specific strategies to control and prevent obesity based on this diagnosis, and these have been supported by member states such as Spain, Argentina and Brazil. Although the measures reflect certain particularities, they conform to a common pattern organized from platforms promoting so-called "healthy lifestyles" and articulated mainly around the twin axes of a balanced diet and regular physical exercise. The discussion suggests that the excessive emphasis on individual responsibility and the underplaying of the role of food as a complex practice, as well as changing structural factors and the differential distribution of this disease, might largely explain the limited impact of these strategies.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Comparação Transcultural
/
Obesidade
Tipo de estudo:
Prognostic_studies
/
Qualitative_research
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Humans
País/Região como assunto:
America do sul
/
Argentina
/
Brasil
/
Europa
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr
Assunto da revista:
CIENCIAS DA NUTRICAO
Ano de publicação:
2022
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Espanha