Functional relevance of resistance training-induced neuroplasticity in health and disease.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev
; 122: 79-91, 2021 03.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-33383071
ABSTRACT
Repetitive, monotonic, and effortful voluntary muscle contractions performed for just a few weeks, i.e., resistance training, can substantially increase maximal voluntary force in the practiced task and can also increase gross motor performance. The increase in motor performance is often accompanied by neuroplastic adaptations in the central nervous system. While historical data assigned functional relevance to such adaptations induced by resistance training, this claim has not yet been systematically and critically examined in the context of motor performance across the lifespan in health and disease. A review of muscle activation, brain and peripheral nerve stimulation, and imaging data revealed that increases in motor performance and neuroplasticity tend to be uncoupled, making a mechanistic link between neuroplasticity and motor performance inconclusive. We recommend new approaches, including causal mediation analytical and hypothesis-driven models to substantiate the functional relevance of resistance training-induced neuroplasticity in the improvements of gross motor function across the lifespan in health and disease.
Palavras-chave
Aging; Athletic performance; Causal mediation analysis; Directed acyclic graphs; Electroencephalography (EEG); Electromyography (EMG); Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI); Maximal voluntary contraction (MVC); Multiple sclerosis; Parkinson's disease; Strength training; Stroke; Transcranial magnetic brain stimulation (TMS)
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Treinamento Resistido
/
Plasticidade Neuronal
Tipo de estudo:
Prognostic_studies
Limite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Neurosci Biobehav Rev
Ano de publicação:
2021
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de publicação:
EEUU
/
ESTADOS UNIDOS
/
ESTADOS UNIDOS DA AMERICA
/
EUA
/
UNITED STATES
/
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
/
US
/
USA