Convergent evolution of pain-inducing defensive venom components in spitting cobras.
Science
; 371(6527): 386-390, 2021 01 22.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-33479150
ABSTRACT
Convergent evolution provides insights into the selective drivers underlying evolutionary change. Snake venoms, with a direct genetic basis and clearly defined functional phenotype, provide a model system for exploring the repeated evolution of adaptations. While snakes use venom primarily for predation, and venom composition often reflects diet specificity, three lineages of cobras have independently evolved the ability to spit venom at adversaries. Using gene, protein, and functional analyses, we show that the three spitting lineages possess venoms characterized by an up-regulation of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) toxins, which potentiate the action of preexisting venom cytotoxins to activate mammalian sensory neurons and cause enhanced pain. These repeated independent changes provide a fascinating example of convergent evolution across multiple phenotypic levels driven by selection for defense.
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Dor
/
Células Receptoras Sensoriais
/
Elapidae
/
Evolução Molecular
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Venenos Elapídicos
/
Fosfolipases A2 do Grupo IV
Limite:
Animals
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Science
Ano de publicação:
2021
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Reino Unido