Organization of the hTMnm gene. Implications for the evolution of muscle and non-muscle tropomyosins.

ABSTRACT

We have isolated clones of human genomic DNA which contain the structural elements of the hTMnm gene. In non-muscle tissue this gene produces a 2.5 kb (1 kb = 10(3) bases or base-pairs) mRNA encoding TM30nm, a 248 amino acid cytoskeletal tropomyosin. In muscle, alternative splicing of this gene results in the expression of a 1.3 kb mRNA encoding a 285 amino acid skeletal muscle alpha-tropomyosin. The hTMnm gene spans at least 42 kb of DNA and consists of 13 exons, only five of which are common to both the 2.5 kb and 1.3 kb transcripts. The boundaries of the exons giving rise to the muscle-specific isoform are identical to the base to those of other genes encoding muscle tropomyosins. A comparison of the structures of exons encoding the amino-terminal sequences of the muscle and non-muscle isoforms suggests that the hTMnm gene has evolved by a specific pattern of exon duplication with alternative splicing.