Haploid and Doubled Haploid Plant Production in Brassica rapa L. subsp. pekinensis Via Microspore Culture.

The production of haploid and doubled haploid plants is a biotechnological tool that shortens the breeding process of new cultivars in many species. Doubled haploid plants are homozygous at every locus and they can be utilized as parents to produce F1 hybrids. In this chapter, we describe a protocol for the production of doubled haploid plants in Brassica rapa L. subsp. pekinensis using androgenesis induced by isolated microspore cultures.