Superior mesenteric arteriovenous fistula presenting as diarrhea: a case report and literature review.

BACKGROUND: Superior mesenteric arteriovenous fistula (SMAVF) is a very rare disease and mainly manifests as abdominal pain, diarrhea, anorexia, and other portal hypertension symptoms. The diagnosis of the disease mainly relies on abdominal enhanced CT+3D reconstruction or digital subtraction angiography, and the treatment is mainly vascular interventional fistula occlusion. CASE SUMMARY: a 17-year-old female with a history of abdominal trauma and surgery was admitted to our hospital for diarrhea and abdominal distension. The patient was diagnosed with a superior mesenteric arteriovenous fistula after abdominal enhanced CT + 3D reconstruction. The patient was satisfied with the results after the superior mesenteric artery angiography + covered stent implantation. No discomfort symptoms occurred during the two-year follow-up. CONCLUSION: A history of abdominal trauma or surgery and clinical manifestations in combination with a radiological analysis are important indicators in the diagnosis of SMAVF. Interventional therapy is the preferred treatment.