Modeling food fortification contributions to micronutrient requirements in Malawi using Household Consumption and Expenditure Surveys.
Ann N Y Acad Sci
; 1508(1): 105-122, 2022 02.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-34580873
ABSTRACT
Large-scale food fortification may be a cost-effective intervention to increase micronutrient supplies in the food system when implemented under appropriate conditions, yet it is unclear if current strategies can equitably benefit populations with the greatest micronutrient needs. This study developed a mathematical modeling framework for comparing fortification scenarios across different contexts. It was applied to model the potential contributions of three fortification vehicles (oil, sugar, and wheat flour) toward meeting dietary micronutrient requirements in Malawi through secondary data analyses of a Household Consumption and Expenditure Survey. We estimated fortification vehicle coverage, micronutrient density of the diet, and apparent intake of nonpregnant, nonlactating women for nine different micronutrients, under three food fortification scenarios and stratified by subpopulations across seasons. Oil and sugar had high coverage and apparent consumption that, when combined, were predicted to improve the vitamin A adequacy of the diet. Wheat flour contributed little to estimated dietary micronutrient supplies due to low apparent consumption. Potential contributions of all fortification vehicles were low in rural populations of the lowest socioeconomic position. While the model predicted large-scale food fortification would contribute to reducing vitamin A inadequacies, other interventions are necessary to meet other micronutrient requirements, especially for the rural poor.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
População Rural
/
Alimentos Fortificados
/
Micronutrientes
/
Modelos Biológicos
/
Necessidades Nutricionais
Tipo de estudo:
Health_economic_evaluation
/
Prognostic_studies
Aspecto:
Determinantes_sociais_saude
Limite:
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
País/Região como assunto:
Africa
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Ann N Y Acad Sci
Ano de publicação:
2022
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Reino Unido