Is the association between dietary patterns and cognition mediated by children's adiposity? A longitudinal approach in Generation XXI birth cohort.
Clin Nutr
; 41(1): 231-237, 2022 01.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-34915274
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND/AIMS:
There is a consistent body of evidence on the association between single nutrients and cognition, but the role of a healthful dietary pattern on cognition in children has been seldomly studied. This study aims to assess the association between dietary patterns at 4 years (y) and cognitive abilities at 10-13y and examine whether adiposity mediated these associations.METHODS:
This study used data from a sub-sample of the population-based birth cohort Generation XXI, with complete information on diet and cognition (n = 3575). At 4y, data on dietary intake was collected by a validated food frequency questionnaire and dietary patterns were derived by latent class analysis, namely Energy-dense food (EDF) pattern, Snacking pattern and Healthier pattern (Reference). At 10-13y, the Portuguese Version of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children®-Third Edition was administered by trained psychologists and age-adjusted composite scores were computed a Full-Scale Intelligence Quotient (IQ), plus a Verbal IQ, Performance IQ and Processing Speed IQ. Age- and sex-specific body mass index (BMI) z-scores, body fat percentage from bioimpedance, and waist-to-weight ratio and waist-to-hip ratio were used as measures of adiposity. Regression coefficients and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were computed using linear regression models (adjusted for maternal age and education, pre-pregnancy BMI, smoking and alcohol intake during pregnancy, child's sex, birthweight, exclusive breastfeeding duration and having siblings at 4y). Mediation analysis was conducted using path analysis.RESULTS:
After adjustment, children classified in the EDF or a Snacking patterns at 4y were more likely to have lower scores on total IQ (ß = -0.116; 95%CI-0.192,-0.039 and ß = -0.148; 95%CI -0.252,-0.044, respectively), Verbal IQ (ß = -0.104; 95%CI -0.177, -0.031 and ß = -0.163; 95%CI -0.262,-0.064, respectively) and Performance IQ (ß = -0.116 95%CI -0.193,-0.040 and ß = -0.147; 95%CI -0.250,-0.042, respectively) at 10-13y, when compared to those classified in the Healthier pattern. None of the adiposity measures seemed to explain the associations between dietary patterns and IQ.CONCLUSION:
This study supports that early unhealthy dietary patterns were associated with lower child's cognitive ability, but this effect did not seem to be mediated by adiposity.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Cognição
/
Dieta
/
Comportamento Alimentar
/
Obesidade Infantil
/
Inteligência
Tipo de estudo:
Diagnostic_studies
/
Observational_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
/
Qualitative_research
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Adolescent
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Child
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Child, preschool
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
País/Região como assunto:
Europa
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Clin Nutr
Ano de publicação:
2022
Tipo de documento:
Article