Early metabolic impairment as a contributor to neurodegenerative disease: Mechanisms and potential pharmacological intervention.
Obesity (Silver Spring)
; 30(5): 982-993, 2022 05.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-35470973
ABSTRACT
The metabolic syndrome comprises a family of clinical and laboratory findings, including insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and hypertension, in addition to central obesity. The syndrome confers a high risk of cardiovascular mortality. Indeed, metabolic dysfunction has been shown to cause a direct insult to smooth muscle and endothelial components of the vasculature, which leads to vascular dysfunction and hyperreactivity. This, in turn, causes cerebral vasoconstriction and hypoperfusion, eventually contributing to cognitive deficits. Moreover, the metabolic syndrome disrupts key homeostatic processes in the brain, including apoptosis, autophagy, and neurogenesis. Impairment of such processes in the context of metabolic dysfunction has been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer, Parkinson, and Huntington diseases. The aim of this review is to elucidate the role that the metabolic syndrome plays in the pathogenesis of the latter disorders, with a focus on the role of perivascular adipose inflammation in the peripheral-to-central transduction of the inflammatory insult. This review delineates common signaling pathways that contribute to these pathologies. Moreover, the role of therapeutic agents aimed at treating the metabolic syndrome, as well as their risk factors that interfere with the aforementioned pathways, are discussed as potential interventions for neurodegenerative diseases.
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Resistência à Insulina
/
Doenças Neurodegenerativas
/
Síndrome Metabólica
Tipo de estudo:
Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Obesity (Silver Spring)
Assunto da revista:
CIENCIAS DA NUTRICAO
/
FISIOLOGIA
/
METABOLISMO
Ano de publicação:
2022
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
França