Inverse Salt Sensitivity of Blood Pressure: Mechanisms and Potential Relevance for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease.
Curr Hypertens Rep
; 24(9): 361-374, 2022 09.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-35708819
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To review the etiology of inverse salt sensitivity of blood pressure (BP). RECENT FINDINGS:
Both high and low sodium (Na+) intake can be associated with increased BP and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. However, little is known regarding the mechanisms involved in the increase in BP in response to low Na+ intake, a condition termed inverse salt sensitivity of BP, which affects approximately 15% of the adult population. The renal proximal tubule is important in regulating up to 70% of renal Na+ transport. The renin-angiotensin and renal dopaminergic systems play both synergistic and opposing roles in the regulation of Na+ transport in this nephron segment. Clinical studies have demonstrated that individuals express a "personal salt index" (PSI) that marks whether they are salt-resistant, salt-sensitive, or inverse salt-sensitive. Inverse salt sensitivity results in part from genetic polymorphisms in various Na+ regulatory genes leading to a decrease in natriuretic activity and an increase in renal tubular Na+ reabsorption leading to an increase in BP. This article reviews the potential mechanisms of a new pathophysiologic entity, inverse salt sensitivity of BP, which affects approximately 15% of the general adult population.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Doenças Cardiovasculares
/
Hipertensão
Tipo de estudo:
Diagnostic_studies
/
Etiology_studies
Limite:
Adult
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Curr Hypertens Rep
Assunto da revista:
ANGIOLOGIA
Ano de publicação:
2022
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Estados Unidos