Geospatial data in pediatric asthma in the United States: a scoping review protocol.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this scoping review is to identify and describe the literature on the use of geospatial data in pediatric asthma research. INTRODUCTION: Asthma is one of the most common pediatric chronic diseases in the United States, disproportionately affecting low-income patients. Asthma exacerbations may be triggered by local environmental factors, such as air pollution or exposure to indoor allergens. Geographic information systems are increasingly recognized as tools that use geospatial data to enhance understanding of the link between environmental exposure, social determinants of health, and clinical outcomes. Geospatial data in pediatric asthma may help inform risk factors for asthma severity, and guide targeted clinical and social interventions. INCLUSION CRITERIA: This review will consider studies that utilize geospatial data in the evaluation of pediatric patients with asthma, ages 2 to 18 years, in the United States. Mixed samples of adults and children will also be considered. Geospatial data will include any external non-clinical geographic-based data source that uses a patient's environment or context. METHODS: The following databases will be searched: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, CINAHL, ERIC, Web of Science, and IEEE. Gray literature will be searched in DBLP, the US Environmental Protection Agency, Google Scholar, Google search, and a hand search of recent abstracts from relevant conferences. Articles published in English, Spanish, and French from 2010 to the present will be included. Study screening and selection will be performed independently by 2 reviewers. Data extraction will be performed by a trained research team member following pilot testing.