Short-term physical exercise controls age-related hyperinsulinemia and improves hepatic metabolism in aged rodents.
J Endocrinol Invest
; 46(4): 815-827, 2023 Apr.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-36318449
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE:
Aging is associated with changes in glucose homeostasis related to both decreased insulin secretion and/or impaired insulin action, contributing to the high prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in the elderly population. Additionally, studies are showing that chronically high levels of circulating insulin can also lead to insulin resistance. In contrast, physical exercise has been a strategy used to improve insulin sensitivity and metabolic health. However, the molecular alterations resulting from the effects of physical exercise in the liver on age-related hyperinsulinemia conditions are not yet fully established. This study aimed to investigate the effects of 7 days of aerobic exercise on hepatic metabolism in aged hyperinsulinemic rats (i.e., Wistar and F344) and in Slc2a4+/- mice (hyperglycemic and hyperinsulinemic mice).RESULTS:
Both aged models showed alterations in insulin and glucose tolerance, which were associated with essential changes in hepatic fat metabolism (lipogenesis, gluconeogenesis, and inflammation). In contrast, 7 days of physical exercise was efficient in improving whole-body glucose and insulin sensitivity, and hepatic metabolism. The Slc2a4+/- mice presented significant metabolic impairments (insulin resistance and hepatic fat accumulation) that were improved by short-term exercise training. In this scenario, high circulating insulin may be an important contributor to age-related insulin resistance and hepatic disarrangements in some specific conditions.CONCLUSION:
In conclusion, our data demonstrated that short-term aerobic exercise was able to control mechanisms related to hepatic fat accumulation and insulin sensitivity in aged rodents. These effects could contribute to late-life metabolic health and prevent the development/progression of age-related T2D.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Resistência à Insulina
/
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2
Tipo de estudo:
Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Aged
/
Animals
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Endocrinol Invest
Ano de publicação:
2023
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Brasil
País de publicação:
IT
/
ITALIA
/
ITALY
/
ITÁLIA