Ocular P2 receptors and glaucoma.
Neuropharmacology
; 222: 109302, 2023 01 01.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-36341810
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP), an energy source currency in cells, is released or leaked to the extracellular space under both physiological and pathological conditions. Extracellular ATP functions as an intercellular signaling molecule through activation of purinergic P2 receptors. Ocular tissue and cells release ATP in response to physiological stimuli such as intraocular pressure (IOP), and P2 receptor activation regulates IOP elevation or reduction. Dysregulated purinergic signaling may cause abnormally elevated IOP, which is one of the major risk factors for glaucoma. Glaucoma, a leading cause of blindness worldwide, is characterized by progressive degeneration of optic nerves and retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), which are essential retinal neurons that transduce visual information to the brain. An elevation in IOP may stress RGCs and increase the risk for glaucoma pathogenesis. In the aqueous humor of human patients with glaucoma, the ATP level is significantly elevated. Such excess amount of ATP may directly cause RGC death via a specific subtype of P2 receptors. Dysregulated purinergic signaling may also trigger inflammation, oxidative stress, and excitotoxicity via activating non-neuronal cell types such as glial cells. In this review, we discussed the physiological roles of extracellular nucleotides in the ocular tissue and their potential role in the pathogenesis of glaucoma. This article is part of the Special Issue on 'Purinergic Signaling: 50 years'.
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Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Glaucoma
Tipo de estudo:
Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Neuropharmacology
Ano de publicação:
2023
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Japão
País de publicação:
Reino Unido