Voice analysis results in individuals with Alzheimer's disease: How do age and cognitive status affect voice parameters?

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Reports of acoustic changes in the voice in individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the relationship of acoustic changes with age and cognitive status are still limited. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to determine the changes in voice analysis results in AD, as well as the effects of age and cognitive status on voice parameters. METHODS: The study included 47 (AD 30; healthy 17) women with a mean age of 76.13 years. The acoustic voice parameters mean fundamental frequency (F0), relative average perturbation (RAP), jitter percent (Jitt), shimmer percent (Shim), and noise-to-harmonic ratio were detected. The mini-mental state examination (MMSE) was utilized. RESULTS: F0, Shim, Jitt, and RAP values were found to be statistically significantly higher in individuals with AD compared to healthy individuals. There was a significant negative correlation between MMSE and F0, Jitt, RAP and Shim, and the MMSE score had a significant negative effect on F0, Jitt, and RAP (p < .05). CONCLUSION: Cognitive status was discovered to significantly impact the voice, with fundamental frequency and frequency and amplitude perturbations increasing as cognitive level decreases. In order to contribute to the therapy process for voice disorders, cognitive functions can be focused on in addition to voice therapy.