Role of DNA Methylation Profiles as Potential Biomarkers and Novel Therapeutic Targets in Head and Neck Cancer.
Cancers (Basel)
; 15(19)2023 Sep 22.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-37835379
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide and is associated with high mortality. The main reasons for treatment failure are a low rate of early diagnosis, high relapse rates, and distant metastasis with poor outcomes. These are largely due to a lack of diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers in HNSCC. DNA methylation has been demonstrated to play an important role in the pathogenesis of HNSCC, and recent studies have also valued DNA methylation as a potential biomarker in HNSCC. This review summarizes the current knowledge on DNA methylation profiles in HPV-positive and HPV-negative HNSCC and how these may contribute to the pathogenesis of HNSCC. It also summarizes the potential value of DNA methylation as a biomarker in the diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction of the response to therapy. With the recent immunotherapy era in head and neck treatment, new strategies to improve immune responses by modulating TIMEs have been intensely investigated in early-phase trials. Therefore, this study additionally summarizes the role of DNA methylation in the regulation of TIMEs and potential predictive immunotherapy response biomarkers. Finally, this study reviews ongoing clinical trials using DNA methylation inhibitors in HNSCC.
DNA methylation; DNA methylation/demethylation; DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitors; HPV-negative HNSCC; HPV-positive HNSCC; cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) inhibitor; head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC); immunotherapy; oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC); overall survival (OS); potential biomarkers: tumorigenesis/diagnostic/prognostic; programmed-death-1 (PD-1) inhibitor; recurrence-free survival (RFS); tumor immune microenvironment (TIME)
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Cancers (Basel)
Ano de publicação:
2023
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Estados Unidos
País de publicação:
Suíça