Can we predict menopause and premature ovarian insufficiency?

ABSTRACT

The prediction of menopause and premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) involves understanding the factors that contribute to the timing of these events. Menopause is a natural biological process marked by the cessation of menstrual periods, typically occurring around the age of 51. On the other hand, POI refers to the loss of ovarian function before the age of 40. Several factors have been used to predict menopause and POI such as age, antimüllerian hormone, inhibins and follicle-stimulating hormone serum levels, antral follicle counts, menstrual cycle length, and, recently, some genetic markers. It seems that age has the best predictive power and all the other ones are only adding in a very limited way to the prediction of menopause. Low levels of antimüllerian hormone in young women might indicate a greater risk for POI and could facilitate early diagnosis. It is, however, important to note that predicting the exact timing of menopause and POI is challenging, and individual variations are significant. Although these factors can provide some insights, they are not foolproof predictors. Advances in medical research and technology may lead to more accurate methods for predicting menopause and POI in the future.