Practice-changing clinical trials in radiation oncology for gastrointestinal malignancies in 2021-2023.
Cancer Radiother
; 27(8): 768-777, 2023 Dec.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38415359
ABSTRACT
Gastrointestinal cancers are one of the most frequent cancers and a leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. We provide an overview of the most important practice-changing trials that were either published or presented at the international scientific meetings in 2021-2023. Highlights included reports on three phase III trials (CONCORDE/PRODIGE 26, ARTDECO, and a study by Xu et al.) that evaluated dose escalation in the definitive setting for locally advanced oesophageal cancers, as well as two phase III trials that evaluated the role of chemotherapy (neo-AEGIS) and targeted therapy (NRG/RTOG 1010) in the neoadjuvant setting for adenocarcinoma oesophageal cancers or gastroesophageal junction cancer. CheckMate 577 evaluated nivolumab in patients who had residual pathological disease after neoadjuvant chemoradiation followed by complete resection. The use of radiation therapy for borderline and locally advanced pancreatic cancer is also discussed (SMART and CONKO-007 trials). Stereotactic body radiation therapy followed by sorafenib was compared to sorafenib alone in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in the NRG/RTOG 1112 study. New options in the management of rectal cancer are emerging such as total neoadjuvant treatment (PRODIGE 23, RAPIDO, PROSPECT), organ preservation (OPRA, OPERA), and the role of immunotherapy in patients with DNA mismatch-repair deficient/microsatellite instability. Finally, preliminary results of the ACT 4 trial that evaluated de-escalation in anal cancer are presented.
Palavras-chave
Anal cancer; Cancer de l'Åsophage; Cancers du canal anal; Cancers du pancréas; Cancers du rectum; Changement de pratiques; Chemoradiation; Chimioradiothérapie; Dose escalation; Escalade de dose; Hepatocarcinoma; Hépatocarcinomes; Oesophageal cancer; Organ preservation; Pancreatic cancer; Practice-changing trials; Préservation d'organe; Radiation; Radiothérapie; Rectal cancer; SMART
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Neoplasias Retais
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Neoplasias Gástricas
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Neoplasias Esofágicas
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Adenocarcinoma
/
Radioterapia (Especialidade)
Limite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Cancer Radiother
Assunto da revista:
NEOPLASIAS
/
RADIOTERAPIA
Ano de publicação:
2023
Tipo de documento:
Article