[Alusti test as a premonitory variable of adverse health events in a nursing home. Two-years follow-up]. / Test Alusti como variable premonitoria de procesos adversos de salud en una residencia de mayores. Seguimiento a 2 años.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Functional capacity is a good indicator of health, quality of life, and a good predictor of morbimortality. It is a priority to functionally assess the geriatric population through objective, precise, and simple instruments. The Alusti Test in its two versions, complete (TA) and abbreviated (TAA), is a scale that meets these criteria. OBJECTIVE: To determine the usefulness of the Alusti Test as a predictor of adverse health events falls, hospitalizations, cognitive deterioration, and mortality in the elderly institutionalized population, with a two-year follow-up. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This observational study's sample included 176 persons admitted to a nursing home for 32months, with a mean age of 85.5years. The TA was performed on 138 and the TAA on 38. RESULTS: The ratio of falls is much higher in residents with mild dependence than in those with total dependence (P<.001). Hospitalizations increase as the results of the Alusti Test are more favorable. The risk of hospitalization in dependent patients is 50% lower (P<.001) than in those with preserved mobility. Cognitive impairment is similar in all the populations with some mild-moderate level of functional dependence and decreases in the population with preserved mobility. Categorization as total and mild/severe dependence is related to a 3-4times higher mortality at six months follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: A higher mild-moderate level of dependence on the AT correlates with a lower risk of falls, a lower rate of hospitalization, and a higher risk of mortality at six months.