Fibroblast and myofibroblast activation in normal tissue repair and fibrosis.
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol
; 25(8): 617-638, 2024 Aug.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38589640
ABSTRACT
The term 'fibroblast' often serves as a catch-all for a diverse array of mesenchymal cells, including perivascular cells, stromal progenitor cells and bona fide fibroblasts. Although phenotypically similar, these subpopulations are functionally distinct, maintaining tissue integrity and serving as local progenitor reservoirs. In response to tissue injury, these cells undergo a dynamic fibroblast-myofibroblast transition, marked by extracellular matrix secretion and contraction of actomyosin-based stress fibres. Importantly, whereas transient activation into myofibroblasts aids in tissue repair, persistent activation triggers pathological fibrosis. In this Review, we discuss the roles of mechanical cues, such as tissue stiffness and strain, alongside cell signalling pathways and extracellular matrix ligands in modulating myofibroblast activation and survival. We also highlight the role of epigenetic modifications and myofibroblast memory in physiological and pathological processes. Finally, we discuss potential strategies for therapeutically interfering with these factors and the associated signal transduction pathways to improve the outcome of dysregulated healing.
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Cicatrização
/
Fibrose
/
Miofibroblastos
Limite:
Animals
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol
/
Nat. rev. mol. cell biol
/
Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology (Print)
Assunto da revista:
BIOLOGIA MOLECULAR
Ano de publicação:
2024
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Canadá
País de publicação:
Reino Unido