Place-Based Measures of Inequity and Vision Difficulty and Blindness.
JAMA Ophthalmol
; 142(6): 540-546, 2024 Jun 01.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38722650
ABSTRACT
Importance Known social risk factors associated with poor visual and systemic health in the US include segregation, income inequality, and persistent poverty. Objective:
To investigate the association of vision difficulty, including blindness, in neighborhoods with measures of inequity (Theil H index, Gini index, and persistent poverty). Design, Setting, andParticipants:
This cross-sectional study used data from the 2012-2016 American Community Survey and 2010 US census tracts as well as Theil H index, Gini index, and persistent poverty measures from PolicyMap. Data analysis was completed in July 2023. Main Outcomes andMeasures:
The main outcome was the number of census tract residents reporting vision difficulty and blindness (VDB) and the association with the Theil H index, Gini index, or persistent poverty, assessed using logistic regression.Results:
In total, 73â¯198 census tracts were analyzed. For every 0.1-unit increase in Theil H index and Gini index, there was an increased odds of VDB after controlling for census tract-level median age, the percentage of the population that identified as female sex, the percentage of the population that identified as a member of a racial or ethnic minority group, state, and population size (Theil H index odds ratio [OR], 1.14 [95% CI, 1.14-1.14; P < .001]; Gini index OR, 1.15 [95% CI, 1.15-1.15; P < .001]). Persistent poverty was associated with an increased odds of VDB after controlling for census tract-level median age, the percentage of the population that identified as female sex, the percentage of the population that identified as a member of a racial or ethnic minority group, state, and population size compared with nonpersistent poverty (OR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.35-1.36; P < .001). Conclusions and Relevance In this cross-sectional study, residential measures of inequity through segregation, income inequality, or persistent poverty were associated with a greater number of residents living with VDB. It is essential to understand and address how neighborhood characteristics can impact rates of VDB.
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Cegueira
Limite:
Adult
/
Aged
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Female
/
Humans
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Male
/
Middle aged
País/Região como assunto:
America do norte
Idioma:
En
Revista:
JAMA Ophthalmol
Ano de publicação:
2024
Tipo de documento:
Article