Prevalence and associated risk factors for noma in Nigerian children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
BMC Oral Health
; 24(1): 685, 2024 06 12.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38867180
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES:
To determine the prevalence, case-fatality rate, and associated risk-factors of Noma in children in Nigeria.METHODS:
Search was conducted in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library databases. Data were extraction using a double-blind approach. Discrepancies were resolved by a third reviewer. Heterogeneity was evaluated using I2 statistics. Random-effects model was used for the meta-analysis and subgroup analysis was conducted. The study quality was evaluated using standard Critical-Appraisal-Checklist.RESULTS:
Of the 1652 articles identified, 12 studies that met the inclusion criteria included 871 cases of Noma. Two studies had high-risk of bias and were excluded in the meta-analysis. Pooled prevalence of Noma was 2.95% (95%CI2.19-3.71; Z = 7.60; p < 0.00001, I2100.0). Case fatality was reported in one study. Sex-distribution had a male-to-female ratio of 1.11. Malnutrition (88.42%, 95%CI52.84-124.00; I2100.0), measles (40.60%; 95% CI31.56-49.65; I2100.0) and malaria (30.75%; 95% CI30.06-31.45; I2100.0) were the most notable associated risk-factors. Prevalence of Noma was non-significantly lower in southern (1.96%,95%CI1.49-2.44;6 studies) than in northern (4.43%; 95%CI-0.98-9.83; 4 studies) Nigeria. One study reported the prevalence of Noma in children younger than 5 years.CONCLUSIONS:
About every 3 in 100 children in Nigeria had Noma and the prevalence was non-significantly higher in northern than southern Nigeria. Malnutrition, measles, and malaria were major associated risk-factors. Case-fatality rate and prevalence based on different age-groups were inconclusive.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Noma
Limite:
Child
/
Child, preschool
/
Humans
País/Região como assunto:
Africa
Idioma:
En
Revista:
BMC Oral Health
Assunto da revista:
ODONTOLOGIA
Ano de publicação:
2024
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Nigéria
País de publicação:
Reino Unido