Effect of capsule treatment on visual acuity and quality after phacoemulsification lens implantation in myopic patients with cataract.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Cataracts pose a significant clinical burden due to their complex pathogenesis. In recent years, an increase in cataracts coexisting with myopia has heightened the incidence of retinopathy and posterior vitreous detachment. Additionally, symptoms of ocular axis elongation, lens nucleus hardening, and vitreous liquefaction have become more prevalent. While conventional extracapsular cataract extraction is commonly employed, it often yields suboptimal visual outcomes. Subsequent advancements in cataract phacoemulsification and lens implantation surgeries have gained widespread acceptance for their ability to improve refraction and significantly improve uncorrected visual acuity. AIM: To investigate the effect of capsular treatment after phacoemulsification lens implantation in myopic patients with cataract. METHODS: We selected 110 patients (with 134 eyes) with myopia and cataracts treated. These patients were categorized into two groups an observation group (57 patients with 70 eyes) and a control group (53 patients with 64 eyes). The control group underwent cataract phacoemulsification and lens implantation, while the observation group received a refined capsular treatment based on the control group's procedure. We assessed the differences in visual acuity and quality between the two groups before and after surgery. RESULTS: At six months post-operation, the observation group exhibited significantly improved far vision, intermediate vision, near vision, lower objective scattering index, higher Modulation transfer function cut-off frequency, and overall vision metrics at different contrast levels (100%, 20% and 9%) compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The total score of the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire in the observation group at 6 months after operation was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). No significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions was observed between the observation group and control group (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Capsular treatment demonstrates efficacy in improving visual acuity and quality after phacoemulsification lens implantation in myopic patients with cataracts, warranting its clinical application.