Interleukin-2 mediated associations between gut microbiota and acute myeloid leukemia: A population-based mediation Mendelian randomization study.

ABSTRACT

The relationship between the gut microbiota and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has been established, but the exact role of interleukin (IL) in mediating this relationship has remained unclear. This study aimed to utilize whether interleukins mediate the relationships between gut microbiota and AML, thereby identifying potential novel targets for future AML treatment. Mendelian randomization (MR) is a method for finding the causality of exposure and outcome. Final instrumental variables were selected based on MR assumptions, and used to judge validity of the results. Our study identified risk and protective factors for AML, and interleukin-related gut microbiota. Finally, mediation MR analyses resulted in Interleukin-2 (IL-2) mediated associations between Clostridiaceae 1, Clostridium sensu stricto 1 and AML, with IL-2 respectively explaining 13.96 % and 12.11 % of the total effect of the aforementioned gut microbiota on AML. Our results successfully identified causal effects between specific gut microbiota, AML, and interleukins, while also elucidating the mediating role of IL-2 in these associations using MR analysis. These findings provide valuable insights into potential therapeutic targets for AML treatment.