Persistence of lung structural and functional alterations at one year post-COVID-19 is associated with increased serum PD-L2 levels and altered CD4/CD8 ratio.
Immun Inflamm Dis
; 12(7): e1305, 2024 Jul.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-39031504
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Persistent respiratory symptoms and lung abnormalities post-COVID-19 are public health problems. This study evaluated biomarkers to stratify high-risk patients to the development or persistence of post-COVID-19 interstitial lung disease.METHODS:
One hundred eighteen patients discharged with residual lung abnormalities compatible with interstitial lung disease (COVID-ILD patients) after a severe COVID-19 were followed for 1 year (post-COVID-ILD patients). Physical examination, pulmonary function tests, and chest high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) were performed. Soluble forms (s) of PD-L1, PD-L2, TIM-3, and GAL-9 were evaluated in serum and cell culture supernatant, as well as T-cells subsets and the transmembrane expression of PD-L1 and PD-L2 on the cell surface.RESULTS:
Eighty percent of the post-COVID-ILD patients normalized their lung function at 1-year follow-up, 8% presented COVID-independent ILD, and 12% still showed functional and HRCT alterations. PD-L2 levels were heterogeneous during acute COVID-19 (aCOVID); patients who increased (at least 30%) their sPD-L2 levels at 1 year post-COVID-19 and exhibited altered CD4/CD8 ratio showed persistence of chest tomographic and functional alterations. By contrast, patients who decreased sPD-L2 displayed a complete lung recovery. sPD-L1, sTIM-3, and sGAL-9 increased significantly during aCOVID and decreased in all patients after 1-year follow-up.CONCLUSION:
Increased sPD-L2 and an altered CD4/CD8 ratio after 12 months of aCOVID are associated with the persistence of lung lesions, suggesting that they may contribute to lung damage post-COVID-19.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Relação CD4-CD8
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SARS-CoV-2
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COVID-19
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Pulmão
Limite:
Adult
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Aged
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Female
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Humans
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Male
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Middle aged
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Immun Inflamm Dis
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Immun. Inflamm. Dis
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Immunity, inflammation and disease
Ano de publicação:
2024
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
México
País de publicação:
Reino Unido