Visual outcome of penetrating ocular trauma among patients visiting University of Gondar comprehensive specialized hospital.

ABSTRACT

Ocular trauma, a preventable public health issue, is one of the common causes of ophthalmic morbidity and monocular blindness worldwide. It can occur in almost any setting and at any age in either sex but largely affects males. The mechanism and type of injury, the extent of damage, and the time-lapse between the occurrence of injury and eye care are among the factors that determine the visual outcome of ocular injuries. This study is designed to assess the clinical profile and visual outcome of patients presenting with penetrating ocular injury. A prospective hospital-based study was conducted among penetrating ocular trauma patients who visited UOG tertiary eye care and training center during the study period. All patients with penetrating ocular trauma who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were included in the study. Data on demography, initial and final visual acuity, type of injury, as well as management, were included in a structured questionnaire. The collected data were processed and analysed using Statistical Packages for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25.0. The study included 91 cases of penetrating ocular injuries. The majority of the patients 81.2% were males. The male-to-female ratio was 4.31. The left eye was involved in 52.7% of the patients. The median age was 20 years, with an IQR of 10-35. The majority (31.9%) of the cases were in the age range of 5-10 years. nearly half of the study participants (45.1%) sustained the injury at home. The commonest source of injury was wooden sticks 49.5%. Six patients were lost to follow-up at three-month visits. Traumatic cataracts (p = 0.001), and poor initial visual acuity were poor prognostic factors. Still ocular injury is a common cause of monocular blindness. We recommend that more has to be done on the primary prevention and control measures.