Molecular Cloning of the Extracellular Lipases of Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens Isolated from Agrifood Wastes.

ABSTRACT

Background: The lipase enzyme (EC 3.1.1.3) is one of the most important catalysts in food, dairy, detergent, and textile industries. Objective: This study was performed to identify, isolate and characterize of lipase producing bacterial strain from agrifood wastes and to identify and characterize of their lipase genes. Materials and Methods: In the present study, two lipase-producing isolates were identified from the effluent of Golbahar meat products and Soveyda vegetable oil factories using in silico and in vitro approaches. Results: The results of morphological, biochemical, and molecular characterizations showed that both lipase-producing isolates belong to the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens species. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the results of phenotypic, biochemical, and molecular characterizations. The results showed differences between LipA and LipB in the Golbahar and Soveyda isolates. Three different amino acids (residues 14, 100, and 165) were observed in LipA and one different amino acid (residue 102) was detected in LipB extracellular lipases. The protein molecular weight of the two extracted lipases ranged from 20 to 25 kDa. The identified extracellular lipases also had different physicochemical features. The maximum lipase activity of the Golbahar and Soveyda isolates was observed at 45 °C and at the pH of 8, but the Golbahar isolates exhibited higher lipase activity compared to the Soveyda isolates. The Golbahar and Soveyda isolates exhibited different activities in the presence of some ions, inhibitors, denaturing agents, and organic solvents and the Golbahar isolates showed better lipase activity than the Soveyda isolates. Conclusions: In this study, two extracellular lipase-producing isolates of B. amyloliquefaciens were identified from different food industries, and their characteristics were investigated. The results of various investigations showed that the lipases produced by the Golbahar isolate have better characteristics than the lipases of the Soveyda isolate. The Golbahar lipases have a suitable temperature and pH activity range and maintain their activity in the presence of some ions, inhibitors, denaturing agents, and organic solvents. After further investigation, the Golbahar isolate lipase can be used in various industries. In addition, this lipase can be used enzyme engineering processes and its activity can be arbitrarily changed by targeted mutations. The results of this study can increase our knowledge of extracellular lipases and may turn out to have industrial applications.