Incidence and Risk Factors for Perioperative Pressure Injuries: Prospective Descriptive Study.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Pressure injuries can often occur in patients undergoing surgical, diagnostic, or other invasive procedures, so it is important to assess patients in the perioperative period. This study was conducted to determine the incidence and risk factors of perioperative pressure injury. DESIGN: A cross-sectional, prospective, and descriptive study. METHODS: This study involved 158 patients who met the study's eligibility criteria between May 2022 and July 2022. The data were collected using the Patient Information Form, Munro Scale, Braden Scale, and pressure injury staging form. The patients were monitored postoperatively or for 3 days. FINDINGS: Pressure injury developed in 13.9% of the patients. Perioperative risk factors were age, edema, mobilization time, parenteral nutrition, blood transfusion, and glucose level, while preoperative albumin level was lower in patients with pressure injury. In the postoperative period, the risk factors were duration of mobilization and transition to oral feeding, length of intensive care unit stay, and low Braden score. In multivariate analysis, the variables that showed significance with the risk of pressure injury were postoperative Munro score and edema. CONCLUSIONS: It is crucial to evaluate the risk factors for pressure injury in patients who have undergone surgical procedures.