Favourable humoral but reduced cellular immune response to COVID-19 mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine in patients with childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus.
Lupus Sci Med
; 11(2)2024 Sep 20.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-39306341
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate both humoral and cellular immune responses to the COVID-19 messenger RNA (mRNA; BNT162b2) vaccine in patients with childhood-onset SLE (cSLE) compared with healthy controls and patient controls (kidney transplant (KTx) recipients).METHODS:
This single-centre, cross-sectional and case-control study included 16 patients with cSLE, 19 healthy controls and 19 KTx recipients. We assessed SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral (anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG, neutralising antibody (nAb)) and cellular (interferon gamma release assay (IGRA)) immune responses at least 1 month after administration of two doses of the mRNA vaccine.RESULTS:
Humoral immune response rates (anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and nAb seropositivity) in patients with cSLE were comparable to healthy controls (100% vs 100% and 100% vs 95%, respectively) but significantly higher than in KTx recipients (74% and 42%, p<0.05 for both). Cellular immune response rate measured by IGRA was lower in patients with cSLE compared with healthy controls (56.3% vs 89.5%, p=0.050) and comparable to KTx recipients (63%). IGRA-negative patients with cSLE had significantly lower total leucocyte and lymphocyte counts at vaccination time as compared with their counterparts (p=0.008 and p=0.001, respectively). No differences were found in disease activity or immunosuppressive therapies between IGRA-negative and IGRA-positive patients with cSLE.CONCLUSION:
Patients with cSLE showed robust humoral but compromised cellular immune responses to the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine, associated with lower lymphocyte counts. These findings highlight the need for further research to enhance vaccine efficacy in this vulnerable group.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Imunidade Humoral
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SARS-CoV-2
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COVID-19
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Vacina BNT162
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Imunidade Celular
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Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico
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Anticorpos Antivirais
Limite:
Adolescent
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Adult
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Child
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Female
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Humans
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Male
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Lupus Sci Med
Ano de publicação:
2024
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Turquia
País de publicação:
Reino Unido