Serum levels of tumor necrosis factor in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.

PURPOSE: Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha is a multifunctional cytokine that influences the clinical outcome in a number of diseases. This study was undertaken to evaluate its role in the differential diagnosis of malignant and benign tumors and in the follow-up of patients. We also studied the correlation of TNF-alpha levels with the stage and differentiation of the diseases. METHODS: In this study, serum levels of TNF-alpha are determined by the immunoradiometric assay method in 26 patients with head and neck cancer, and results are compared with 8 control patients with benign diseases. In both groups, serum samples were taken before and after the therapy. After centrifugation, the sera was stored at -70 degrees C until analyzed. TNF-alpha levels were measured by TNF-alpha immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) kit (Medgenix, Diagnostics SA, Belgium). RESULTS: The pretreatment mean value of TNF-alpha in the study group (814.1 pg/mL) was almost 100 times higher than in the control group (8.6 pg/mL) (P = .001). It was also noted that posttreatment mean value (94 pg/mL) was significantly lower than pretreatment mean value in the study group (P = .001). No statistically significant difference was found between serum TNF-alpha levels and the stage and differentiation of the tumor. CONCLUSION: The serum levels of TNF-alpha may be an efficient tumor marker in the diagnosis of patients with head and neck cancer.