Lessons from Cuba: mass campaign administration of trivalent oral poliovirus vaccine and seroprevalence of poliovirus neutralizing antibodies.
Bull World Health Organ
; 72(2): 221-5, 1994.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-8205641
ABSTRACT
PIP: During December 1991-January 1992 in Cuba, health workers took blood samples from a nationwide sample of 2000 children aged 0-3 who received 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 doses of trivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (TOPV) to determine the seroprevalence of poliovirus neutralizing antibodies for types 1, 2, and 3. Specifically, researchers wanted to learn whether TOPV becomes more effective as the number of doses increases. Since 1973, Cuba has conducted two mass immunization campaigns each year in February and April. During 1970-91, Cuba used a USSR-produced poliovirus vaccine that had 500,000, 200,000, and 300,000 median tissue-culture-infecting doses for types 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Wild poliovirus has not been transmitted in Cuba since 1973 (as of August 1993), indicating that the mass immunization campaigns without routine vaccine delivery have eradicated poliomyelitis in Cuba. The seroprevalence of poliovirus neutralizing antibodies for type 1 increased significantly between 2 and 4 doses (91.5% vs. 96.5%; p = 0.05), thereafter the increases were small and insignificant. The seroprevalence of poliovirus neutralizing antibodies for type 2 increased significantly between 2 and 4 doses (90.8% vs. 97.2%), with small insignificant increases thereafter. Two doses of TOPV induced a response against poliovirus type 3 in only 45.9% of cases. At 4 doses and 8 doses, it did increase significantly from the previous dose (71.2% and 83.5%, respectively; p 0.05). Further studies using other vaccine formulations would allow persons involved in global eradication efforts to determine whether two campaign doses can improve the immunogenicity of the type 3 poliovirus while also improving that of the type 1 poliovirus.
Palavras-chave
Age Factors; Americas; Antibodies; Biology; Caribbean; Child; Comparative Studies; Cuba; Delivery Of Health Care; Demographic Factors; Developing Countries; Diseases; Health; Health Services; Health Surveys; Immunity; Immunization; Immunologic Factors; Latin America; Measurement; North America; Physiology; Poliomyelitis--prevention and control; Poliomyelitis--transmission; Population; Population Characteristics; Prevalence--changes; Primary Health Care; Research Report; Studies; Vaccines--administraction and dosage; Viral Diseases; Youth
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Vacina Antipólio Oral
/
Poliovirus
Limite:
Child
/
Child, preschool
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Infant
/
Male
/
Newborn
País/Região como assunto:
Caribe
/
Cuba
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Bull World Health Organ
Ano de publicação:
1994
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Cuba