Susceptibility of human foetal brain tissue to cool- and freeze-storage.

ABSTRACT

Human second trimester foetal brain tissue was stored for a period of 1-6 weeks under various conditions in an attempt to evaluate factors influencing its susceptibility (cell loss) and survivability. Post-storage viability of mesencephalon, striatum, cerebellum and occipital cortex was assessed by a protocol combining vital staining with cell density counts so that tissue viability and cell loss could be evaluated simultaneously; tissue survivability was evaluated by cell culture. A significant amount of cell loss occurred after 24 h storage at room temperature, after one week at 4 degrees C and by two weeks at -20 degrees C in all structures; storage at -196 degrees C resulted in 17-21% cell loss at the end of a 6 week period. At -20 degrees C the cryoprotective effect of 20% FCS was equivalent to that of 15% FCS + 7% DMSO combined, suggesting potential use of serum in replacement of chemical additives. The procedure for removal of DMSO was critical to cell viability and survivability single step dilution led to 27-39% greater cell loss than slow, multi-step dilutions. In comparison to fresh, non-stored tissue, immunocytochemical characterization of in vitro propagated stored tissue revealed no changes in the populations of major constituent cell types including neurones, dopaminergic neurones, glial and fibroblast cells. These results provide information on possible conditions under which transplant tissue can be satisfactorily stored depending on the prevailing requirements.