Quality of care of patients with diabetic foot problems in Barbados

ABSTRACT

In Barbados diabetics with foot problems account for 80 percent of the patients in the female and 50 percent of those in the male general surgery wards, and many patients have major amputations for preventable problems. A six month prospective study was undertaken of all cases admitted with foot problems to the general surgical wards of the the Queen Elizabeth Hospital (QEH) in order to determine the quality of foot care, particularly among diabetics. 67.5 percent of the 195 patients (55 percent female) admitted to the study were diabetic, most of whom were diagnosed 10 to 19 years previously. Most of the patients were 70 to 80 years old, but significantly more diabetics than non-diabetics were 40 to 70 years old. Foot problems in diabetics were precipitated by events that are considered trivial in non-diabetic patients. 87 (58 percent) of 150 responding patients had their feet inspected by health personnel in the previous year. 47 (63.5 percent) of the 74 who responded about the care of their nails said that they took care of their nails themselves. Nearly 40 percent of diabetic and non-diabetic patients had no reported source of care before their admission. 14 patients (10 diabetic) sought care the same day and 11 (nine diabetics) the day after noticing foot problems. Most patients presented with infection as part of their problem; recognition of the early signs of infection should be an integral part of the education of the diabetic patient. Educational efforts for patients must be continually reinforced because many patients said they had no education about the care of their feet in the previous year.(AU)