Is breastfeeding on the decline: the need to reinforce existing policies

ABSTRACT

The advantages of breast feeding are many. There is now strong scientific evidence indicating that breastfeeding plays an important role in preventing breast cancer, and in avoiding a further pregnancy in the first six months after delivery. Furthermore, the human immune virus has been isolated in breast milk. Recent evidence has emerged, however, which indicates that breeastfeeding is declining in developing countries. This is related to a variety of factors such as the introduction of modern technology, inappropriate advertising and promotion of infant formulae and lack of adequate social support systems. There is also scientific evidence which shows that the combined oral contraceptive pill significantly decreases milk output. In the light of this trend of declining breastfeeding, and new information pertaining to breastfeeding, there is urgent need for policy-makers in developing countries critically to examine their breastfeeding policies. This will provide them with an oppertunity to update these policies and at the same time develop strategies to promote breastfeeding and reverse the negative trends. (AU)