Development in physiological regulation and bone metabolism of magnesium / 中国组织工程研究

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:As a lightweight metal with mechanical properties similar to natural bone, a natural ionic presence with significant functional roles in biological systems, and in vivo degradation via corrosion in the electrolytic environment of the body, magnesium (Mg)-based implants have the potential to serve as biocompatible, osteoconductive, degradable implants for load-bearing applications. On the other hand, Mg, as a critical mediator of cellular growth and activities regulation, is the second most abundant intracellular cation where it plays an important role in enzyme function and trans-membrane ion transport. OBJECTIVE:To retrospectively summarize the application progress, physiological role and mechanism of Mg, and to review its regulation of bone metabolism. METHODS:Papers addressing application, physiological and bone metabolism regulation of Mg published in core periodicals were reviewed. Studies in which Mg were used as an assistance materials, or articles regarding cellphysiology in which Mg were not the main research object were excluded. Literatures concerning the regulation of bone turnover by Mg were given special attention. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Mg al oys are cytocompatible materials with adjustable mechanical and corrosion properties and show their potential as biodegradable implant materials. Moreover, Mg is abundantly distributed among the body and essential for maintaining physiological function of the cells. Mg deficiency has been associated with a number of clinical disorders including osteoporosis. But it remains to be determined what specific biochemical process is activated by Mg2+to regulate cellular activity and bone turnover. Further investigations of the precise mechanism are valuable to the clinical application of Mg.