Study of effectiveness of the diabetes education for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus / Монголын Анагаах Ухаан

ABSTRACT

Background Educating diabetic patients about their diseases encourages their families to learn as much as possible about the latest medical management and approaches, as well as informing healthy lifestyle choices, and supports their responsibility in improving their condition and quality of life through well-managed self-control. Goal To evaluate the outcomes of diabetes education in patients with T2DM. Materials and Methods The cohort survey was conducted at the Diabetes center of the State Central Clinical Hospital (SCCH) and District Health centers in Ulaanbaatar. Participants included 150 newly diagnosed patients with T2DM. Data collection was done by using internationally accepted questionnaire and anthropometric measurements and biomedical outcome measures such as Haemoglobin A1c levels, high density lipid (HDL), low density lipid (LDL), total cholesterol (TCh), triglyceride (TG), fasting blood glucose (FBG), blood pressure (BP), body weight (BW) at baseline and 3rd and 6th months of the follow ups. Statistical analyses were performed with the SPSS16 software. Results Diabetic patient’s knowledge (p=0.029) and self control of blood glucose (5.35±1.81 days in the last week) of newly diagnosed patients with T2DM improved statistically significantly (p=0.046) after 6 months diabetes education. Psychological problem areas in diabetes (PAID) score reduced in educated group 2.86% (95%CI 1.61 to 3.23) p=0.004 and points in illness perception questionnaire (IPQ) increased 8.95% (95%CI 5.31 to 10.1) p=0.001. After 6 months, the group of the newly diagnosed patients receiving diabetes education had decreased numbers in biomedical measurements Systolic BP decreased 8mmHg (p=0.001), diastolic BP 2 mmHg (p=0.035), some anthropometric measurements including waist circumference (WC) decreased 2cm (p=0.014). Levels of HbA1C were 1.5% lower (p=0.001) in the diabetes educated group, LDL decreased 0.7 mmol/l (p=0.0001), and HDL increased 0.2% (p=0.036). Conclusion: 1. The data on the educated patients’ knowledge about diabetes, self control, psychosocial status, and illness perception are comparatively higher than those in the non-educated group. 2. The decrease in not only the levels of systolic and diastolic BP and WC of newly diagnosed patients with T2DM, but also levels of HbA1C and LDL together with the increase in levels of HDL indicates that the self control improves among educated patients.