[The participation of RNA synthesis in the process of the acquisition and retention of conditioned reflexes (a study using antifeins)]. / Uchastie sinteza RNK v protsesse vyrabotki i sokhraneniia uslovnykh refleksov (issledovanie s ispol'zovaniem antifeinov).

RNA-synthesizing activity of neuronal nuclei in the neocortex of rats increases after the termination of conditioning depending on the degree of learning. RNA synthesis shifts induced by propylnorantifein and the demethylated derivatives of ethylnorantifein are correlated only with the influence of the drugs on the retention but not the learning. Participation of RNA synthesis by the neurons of the neocortex in the mechanisms of long-term memory is discussed.

[Effect of ethymisole on long-term memory]. / O vliianii étimizola na dolgovremennuiu pamiat'.

Influence of ethymisol (bismethylamid of 1-ethylimidasol-4,5-dicarbonic acid) on learning and retention of habit was studied in experiments on rats by the method of active conditioned avoidance of electrical stimulation. At the same time optimal conformation form of the drug was determined by the method of proton magnetic resonance and by means of infrared spectra and theoretical conformation analysis. A single administration of ethymisol in the dose of 3 mg/kg reduced the deficit of the avoidance habit, when tested in 30 and 60 days following learning. A stable conformation of the ethymisol molecule with a planar arrangement of atoms of its heterocycle and amide groups was found in which the interaction of this substance with biological macromolecules was most active. The ethymisol effect on the long-term memory apparently results from a stable facilitation of synaptic transmission based on stabilization of spatial structure of biological macromolecules in the given conformation.

[Effect of etimizol on instrumental learning in rats]. / Vliianie étimizola na instrumental'noe obuchenie krys.

The action of etimizol on the acquisition of the conditioned reflexes with different complexity and biological significance of reinforcement was studied. The acquisition was performed in a shuttle box and U-shaped maze using food and footshock stimuli. The time interval between administration of etimizol (3 mg/kg) and the onset of learning varied between 0.5 and 3 h in the several series. Etimizol did not facilitate the learning in rats whatever the time of administration and biological modality of reinforcement. It is suggested that the positive effect of etimizol on the memory is related to its influence on the consolidation stage.

[State of the "protein kinase CK2-HMG14" system in age-dependent amnesia in rats]. / Sostoianie sistemy "proteinkinaza CK2-HMG14" pri vozrastnoi amnezii u krys.

It has been shown that a decrease in HMGs transcription factors phosphorylation by protein kinase CK2 may be the cause of a gene expression decline in cognitive disorders. Passive avoidance amnesia in old rats (24 month) was accompanied by a decrease in synaptosomal protein synthesis and transcription in isolated nuclei of cortex, hippocampus, and striatum. A decrease in chromatin protein kinase CK2 activity and a significant decrease in HMG14 phosphorylation by CK2 was found in old rats. CK2 selective activators, a 4-carbamoyl-5-N-methylcarbamoyl-1-ethyl-imidazole and 4,5-dicaramoyl-1-ethyl-imidazole, produced the HMG14 phosphorylation and transcription activation in old rats. At the same time, synaptosomal protein synthesis activation and passive avoidance amnesia reduction were observed in old rats. Thus, activation of CK2-HMG14 was accompanied by synaptic plasticity optimisation. The data show a high therapeutic potential of activators of CK2-HMG14.