[Comparison of neuroprotective effects of anticonvulsant drugs in brain injury therapy].

The effect of anticonvulsant drugs on posttraumatic convulsive reactions and the stability of the brain with respect to complete ischemia and hypoxia upon brain injury has been studied in animals with model contact craniocerebral trauma. It is established that lamotrigine, topiramate, and sodium valproate produce a strong effect on convulsive reactions, while magnesium sulfate and gabapentin produce a moderate action. The antiishemic and antihypoxic action of lamotrigine and sodium valproate is stronger than that of topiramate and gabapentin.

[Comparative evaluation of the hypnotic drugs under conditions of brain injury].

The effect of hypnotic drugs on the brain stability with respect to complete ischemia posttraumatic convulsive reactions and hypoxia has been studied in animals with model brain injury. It is established that zopiclone exhibits pronounced hypnotic effect during the first and second week after brain injury, while nitrazepam, zolpidem, and melaxen are effective in the first week. The neuroprotective effects of zopiclone and zolpidem are more pronounced than those of melaxen and nitrazepam.

[Comparison of neuroprotective properties of nootropes, calcium channel blockers, and panangin].

Neuroprotective properties of a series of drugs including nootropes, calcium channel antagonists, and panangin have been studied on a model of craniocerebral trauma. It is established that beglimin and nooglutil exhibit a moderate antiischemic, antihypoxic, and antiamnesic action in posttraumatic period; panangin possesses antiischemic, anticonvulsant, and antiamnesic properties; while nimodipin exhibit only antiamnesic action. It is concluded that beglimin, nooglutil and panangin are of importance in the pharmacological treatment of secondary traumatic brain injury.

[Participation of the globus pallidus in the organization of stereotyped behavior in the cat]. / Ob uchastii blednogo shara v organizatsii stereotipnogo povedeniia u koshek.

Electrical stimulation of the globus pallidus of cats produces a stereotype behaviour like that following the injection of high doses of d,1-amphetamine. This drug enhances pallidal response. On the other hand, pallidal stimulation facilitates formation of amphetamine-induced stereotypy which weakens after bilateral destruction of the globus pallidus. Neuroleptic haloperidol in very low doses abolishes pallidal as well as amphetamine-induced stereotypy. As supposed pallidal stereotypy may be connected with the disturbance of nigro-strio-pallidal relations.

[Model of the defense reaction in rats to study the antifenamine effect of neuroleptics for demonstrating their specific action]. / Izuchenie na modeli oboronitel'noi reaktsii u krys antifenaminovogo éffekta neiroleptikov dlia vyiavleniia ikh spetsificheskogo deistviia.

The authors studied the ability of neuroleptics to eliminate the amphetamine-induced (5 mg/kg) disorders of the transformation of the defense response trajectory in rats kept in a U-shaped maze. Haloperidol (0.1 mg/kg) and clozapine (2 mg/kg) similarly normalized the animals' behavior but differently affected the motor automatisms typical for amphetamine stereotypy. Metoclopramide (1 mg/kg) reduced the external manifestations of amphetamint stereotypy but did not abolish the disorders in the defense response. It is likely that the ability of the neuroleptics to produce an antiamphetamine action in experimental defense response with multiple transformation of the responses might characterize specific properties of the drugs belonging to the class under discussion.