[The evaluation of quality of implementation of preventive medical examinations of underage persons in the Russian Federation].

The analysis was implemented concerning informational statistic data characterizing health of children population of different age groups in the Russian Federation on the basis of results of dispensarization in its federal okrugs and subjects in 2014. The purpose of the study was to discover ways and modes of developing and increasing efficiency of preventive examinations of underage population. The following indices were analyzed: coverage of children population by preventive medical examinations, distribution according health groups and medical groups for physical culture involvement, level and stricture of established total and primary morbidity, rate of dispensary registration, requirements in additional consultations, examinations and treatment in out-patient condition, day hospital, day-and-night hospital and also coverage with all these medical services. In the most of the subjects of the Russian Federation a high level of coverage of underage population with preventive medical examinations is registered. The percentage of healthy children population in the Russian Federation comprises more than one third of all covered by dispensarization. The significant variations in indices of rate of healthy children and children with functional disorders and chronic diseases in subjects of the Russian Federation is determined by quality and accessibility of medical care at the regional level. The established total and primary morbidity of children population in significant percentage (more than one third) of the subjects has a level higher than a national one. The leading causes of morbidity in children are diseases of respiratory system, musculoskeletal system, nervous system. In adolescents, these causes are diseases of musculoskeletal system, eye diseases and diseases of respiratory system. Despite high prevalence of chronic pathology in children population of the Russian Federation, the guidelines concerning treatment and rehabilitation on the basis of results of preventive medical examinations were developed in inadequate scope. The regional characteristics of the results of dispensarization are established. These results made it possible to sort out the most unfavorable territories and to determine defects in its organization and absence of continuity between medeical institutions providing the given type of medical services.

Morphology of placental villi and development of hemorrhages in very small preterm newborns.

We performed a comparative morphometric and immunohistochemical studies of the placentas collected in preterm labor after 27-33-week gestation. Predominating branched angiogenesis processes and more pronounced vascularization of the placental villi were found in the group of newborns with hemorrhagic complications. These changes were paralleled by high expression of VEGF in all villous structures.

[Renal hemodynamics studied by Doppler echography in newborn infants]. / Issledovanie pochechnoi gemodinamiki metodom dopplerékhografii u novorozhdennykh.

The author describes a method for renal blood flow examination in the newborns making use of a lateral position of the sensor. Under study were linear blood stream velocity, time mean maximal velocity and time mean velocity, resistance index; renal artery diameter was measured and the minute and stroke renal perfusion was calculated. Three basic types of dopplerographic curves were distinguished: those characteristic of normal blood flow, of renal vascular spasm (no diastolic blood flow), and of drastic microcirculation disturbances (pendulum-like blood flow). Renal artery dopplerography is an informative method useful to elucidate renal blood flow status.

[The functions of the kidneys and the basic mechanisms of their regulation in premature infants]. / Funktsii pochek i osnovnye mekhanizmy ikh reguliatsii u nedonoshennykh detei.

Kidney function and some mechanisms of its regulation were studied in 161 premature babies. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system was found to play a certain role in controlling the water-electrolyte balance in premature infants. The incidence of pronounced and latent renal failure in infants with posthypoxia lesions of the central nervous system (CNS) of varying degrees was demonstrated. The informative value of calculation parameters of partial kidney functions as the early diagnostic criteria in pronounced and latent renal failure is confirmed. A role that the revealed posthypoxia hypermyoglobinemia might possibly play in the pathogenesis of acute renal failure in premature infants is discussed.

[Clinical value of determining the levels of renin, aldosterone and vasopressin in newborn infants in critical conditions]. / Klinicheskoe znachenie opredeleniia renina, al'dosterona i vazopressina pri kriticheskikh sostoianiiakh u novorozhdennykh detei.

The concentrations of aldosterone, vasopressin and plasma renin activity were measured in cord blood and on days 1, 3 and 5 of life in 71 newborn infants from the risk group at the development of critical conditions. Vasopressin was discovered to play a substantial role in the development of critical conditions. The lack of a considerable vasopressin ejection in response to a delivery trouble and the growth of its concentration by day 5 of life are prognostically unfavourable. Hyperactivity of the renin-aldosterone system determines the newborns' proneness to liquid and sodium retention.