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1.
J Clin Microbiol ; 49(4): 1458-63, 2011 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21270216

RESUMO

Bacteriological diagnosis of brucellosis is performed by culturing animal samples directly on both Farrell medium (FM) and modified Thayer-Martin medium (mTM). However, despite inhibiting most contaminating microorganisms, FM also inhibits the growth of Brucella ovis and some B. melitensis and B. abortus strains. In contrast, mTM is adequate for growth of all Brucella species but only partially inhibitory for contaminants. Moreover, the performance of both culture media for isolating B. suis has never been established properly. We first determined the performance of both media for B. suis isolation, proving that FM significantly inhibits B. suis growth. We also determined the susceptibility of B. suis to the antibiotics contained in both selective media, proving that nalidixic acid and bacitracin are highly inhibitory, thus explaining the reduced performance of FM for B. suis isolation. Based on these results, a new selective medium (CITA) containing vancomycin, colistin, nystatin, nitrofurantoin, and amphotericin B was tested for isolation of the main Brucella species, including B. suis. CITA's performance was evaluated using reference contaminant strains but also field samples taken from brucella-infected animals or animals suspected of infection. CITA inhibited most contaminant microorganisms but allowed the growth of all Brucella species, to levels similar to those for both the control medium without antibiotics and mTM. Moreover, CITA medium was more sensitive than both mTM and FM for isolating all Brucella species from field samples. Altogether, these results demonstrate the adequate performance of CITA medium for the primary isolation of the main Brucella species, including B. suis.


Assuntos
Técnicas Bacteriológicas/métodos , Brucella/isolamento & purificação , Brucelose/diagnóstico , Brucelose/veterinária , Meios de Cultura/química , Animais , Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Brucella/efeitos dos fármacos , Brucella/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Humanos , Seleção Genética
2.
J Clin Microbiol ; 46(10): 3484-7, 2008 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18716225

RESUMO

An evaluation of a multiplex PCR assay (Bruce-ladder) was performed in seven laboratories using 625 Brucella strains from different animal and geographical origins. This robust test can differentiate in a single step all of the classical Brucella species, including those found in marine mammals and the S19, RB51, and Rev.1 vaccine strains.


Assuntos
Técnicas de Tipagem Bacteriana , Brucella/classificação , Brucella/genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Animais , Primers do DNA/genética , Humanos , Mamíferos
3.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev ; 30(3): 413-36, 2006.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16055188

RESUMO

There is considerable evidence that primates housed under impoverished conditions develop behavioural abnormalities, including, in the most extreme example, self-harming behaviour. This has implications for all contexts in which primates are maintained in captivity from laboratories to zoos since by compromising the animals' psychological well-being and allowing them to develop behavioural abnormalities their value as appropriate educational and research models is diminished. This review examines the extensive body of literature documenting attempts to improve living conditions with a view to correcting behavioural abnormalities and housing primates in such a way that they are encouraged to exhibit a more natural range and proportion of behaviours, including less self-directed and social aggression. The results of housing, feeding, physical, sensory and social enrichment efforts are examined with specific focus on their effect on aggressive behaviour and variation in their use and efficacy. It is concluded that while inappropriate or poorly distributed enrichment may encourage aggressive competition, enrichment that is species, sex, age and background appropriate can dramatically reduce aggression, can eliminate abnormal behaviour and substantially improve the welfare of primates maintained in captivity.


Assuntos
Agressão/fisiologia , Meio Ambiente , Primatas/fisiologia , Meio Social , Animais , Dieta , Humanos
4.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev ; 30(3): 390-412, 2006.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16061285

RESUMO

There is considerable interest in the study of stress and aggression in primates as a model for their interpretation in humans. Despite methodological and interpretational problems associated with behavioural and physiological measurement and definition, a considerable body of literature exists on these phenomena in primates. In the course of reviewing this literature we examine examples of many of the sources of variation in stress and aggression, including species identity, sex, age, breeding and social status, individual temperament, background, learning and resource distribution. This is followed by an examination of the interaction between stress and aggression before reviewing the most important areas in which changes in both stress and aggression are measured. In particular we examine those studies covering social aspects of an animal's life, specifically relating to social isolation, crowding as well as group formation, composition and instability. This review reveals the complex and often contradictory nature of relationships, not just between an animal's physiology and its behaviour, but between its stress status and display or receipt of aggression.


Assuntos
Agressão/fisiologia , Primatas/fisiologia , Estresse Psicológico/fisiopatologia , Envelhecimento/psicologia , Animais , Caracteres Sexuais , Predomínio Social , Estresse Psicológico/psicologia , Testosterona/fisiologia
5.
FEMS Microbiol Lett ; 245(1): 79-84, 2005 Apr 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15796983

RESUMO

Thirty-seven Brucella reference and field strains representing all the species and their biovars were analysed by PCR-RFLP to determine the degree of variation in the genes encoding the new members of group 3 outer membrane protein (Omp) family. Analysis of the omp22 and omp25c/omp25d genes indicated that the restriction patterns were identical for all species and biovars with all restriction enzymes tested, except for Brucella ovis that showed a short 30 bp deletion close to omp22 gene, and for B. abortus biovar 6 and B. ovis that lacked a DdeI site and a HinfI site, respectively, in the omp25c/omp25d genes. Analysis of PCR products of the omp31b gene digested with 20 restriction enzymes revealed that this gene has a greater level of DNA polymorphism than the other genes encoding the new members of group 3 Omp family. A deletion of 232bp was detected in fourteen B melitensis strains from different hosts and from different geographic origins, confirming that this feature is indeed a hallmark of B. melitensis. PCR-RFLP analysis of omp31b with DdeI allowed us to identify species-specific markers for B. abortus, B. melitensis, and B. ovis. Finally, by PCR analysis, Southern blot hybridization and DNA sequencing we showed that a large deletion of 15 kb, comprising the entire omp25b gene and 21 more genes, is present in all B. ovis strains, thus confirming previous observations from other authors.


Assuntos
Proteínas da Membrana Bacteriana Externa/genética , Brucella/classificação , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Polimorfismo Genético , Polimorfismo de Fragmento de Restrição , Animais , Proteínas da Membrana Bacteriana Externa/metabolismo , Brucella/genética , Brucella/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Brucella/metabolismo , Bovinos , Humanos , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Especificidade da Espécie
6.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg ; 90(4): 442-5, 1996.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8882202

RESUMO

Seasonal variation in nutritional status among young children has been described in rural populations, but in few urban settings. We examined seasonality in 7 years of nutritional surveillance data from an urban shanty town near Lima, Peru, where children 0-35 months old were measured at intervals of 4-5 months. We compared nutritional status by month, using generalized estimating equations to account for the intercorrelations among measurements of the same person at different times. The periodicity of the seasonal variation was found to fit a model in which the month of the year was sine-transformed, and this sine-transformed model was used to examine possible interactions with age, sex and year of examination. A total of 38,626 measurements was available from 11,333 children. In late winter, mean weight-for-height was an estimated 0.38 Z score higher than in late summer. The seasonal effect occurred at all ages, in both sexes, and in each year of surveillance. The amplitude was greatest for children 6-23 months old. The summer trough in weight-for-height was lower in 1989 than in other years; children who experienced this summer low had lower mean height-for-age in subsequent years. The seasonal variation in nutritional status may be related to differences in dietary intake, or to the higher prevalence of bacterial diarrhoea in summer than in winter. The more marked drop in weight-for-height in 1989 and subsequent trough in height-for-age may be related to political and economic changes than adversely affected food access in Peru.


Assuntos
Estado Nutricional , Estações do Ano , Estatura , Peso Corporal , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Modelos Estatísticos , Peru , Saúde da População Urbana
7.
Vet Microbiol ; 14(4): 381-92, 1987 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3686824

RESUMO

The efficacy of Brucella Melitensis Rev 1 vaccine (Rev 1) for the prophylaxis of Brucella ovis ram epididymitis was evaluated. Twenty-nine 3-month-old rams were vaccinated with 2 X 10(9) Rev 1 and 14 were revaccinated with 5 X 10(8) at 14 months of age. Six rams remained unvaccinated as a control group. All rams were challenged with 5 X 10(8) B. ovis at 21 months of age. Before being slaughtered 8 weeks later, only one vaccinated ram developed epididymitis while four of the six control rams developed testicular alterations. Genital and selected extragenital organs and lymph nodes were removed at slaughter and inoculated on selective media. B. ovis was isolated from 26.6% of the vaccinated rams, 21.4% of the revaccinated rams and 100% of control rams. Portions of epididymis, testes and vesicular glands were also used for pathological studies. More severe lesions were observed in control rams than in vaccinated ones. In conclusion, these results show that vaccination of young lambs, followed or not by revaccination, is a suitable method for the prophylaxis of B. ovis infection of rams.


Assuntos
Vacina contra Brucelose , Brucelose/veterinária , Epididimite/veterinária , Doenças dos Ovinos/prevenção & controle , Animais , Anticorpos Antibacterianos/biossíntese , Brucella/imunologia , Vacina contra Brucelose/imunologia , Brucelose/patologia , Brucelose/prevenção & controle , Epididimo/patologia , Epididimite/patologia , Epididimite/prevenção & controle , Masculino , Ovinos , Doenças dos Ovinos/patologia , Testículo/patologia , Vacinação/veterinária
8.
Vet Microbiol ; 30(2-3): 233-41, 1992 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1557898

RESUMO

An indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with unpurified Brucella melitensis smooth lipopolysaccharide (S-LPS) as antigen was evaluated for the serological diagnosis of B. melitensis infection in sheep in comparison with the Rose Bengal (RB), complement fixation (CF), radial immunodiffusion (RID), microplate agglutination (MA) and rivanol agglutination (RIV) tests. Tests RB and CF detected as positive each of the 77 sera from B. melitensis-infected animals tested, the RID (74), MA (76) and the RIV (72) were less sensitive. However, all tests compared were negative when 77 sera from Brucella-free rams were tested. While subcutaneous Rev 1 vaccination induced high response levels in any of the tests, low level responses were obtained upon conjunctival vaccination, particularly in ELISA and RID tests.


Assuntos
Anticorpos Antibacterianos/sangue , Vacina contra Brucelose/imunologia , Brucella/imunologia , Brucelose/veterinária , Doenças dos Ovinos/diagnóstico , Testes de Aglutinação , Animais , Vacina contra Brucelose/administração & dosagem , Brucelose/diagnóstico , Testes de Fixação de Complemento , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Feminino , Imunodifusão , Injeções Subcutâneas/veterinária , Lipopolissacarídeos/imunologia , Masculino , Rosa Bengala , Ovinos , Vacinação/veterinária
9.
Vet Microbiol ; 92(1-2): 65-72, 2003 Mar 20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12488071

RESUMO

The sensitivity and specificity of a PCR assay with primers derived from the insertion sequence IS6501 was compared with that of bacteriological culture and serological tests for the diagnosis of Brucella ovis infection in rams. No amplifications were detected with DNAs from the strains phylogenetically related to Brucella and from the seven bacterial species considered as the main etiologic agents of epididymitis in rams. In addition, the specificity of the PCR was 100% when testing semen samples from Brucella-free rams. The comparison of the semen culture and PCR results from 192 semen samples tested, showed a proportion of agreement of 0.91 between both tests. The PCR-based test described has sensitivity similar to that of semen culture and could be used as a complementary test for the direct diagnosis of Brucella ovis in semen samples of rams.


Assuntos
Brucella/isolamento & purificação , Brucelose/veterinária , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/veterinária , Sêmen/microbiologia , Doenças dos Ovinos/microbiologia , Animais , Anticorpos Antibacterianos/sangue , Brucella/genética , Brucelose/diagnóstico , Brucelose/microbiologia , Testes de Fixação de Complemento , Elementos de DNA Transponíveis/genética , DNA Bacteriano/química , DNA Bacteriano/genética , Imunodifusão , Masculino , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Ovinos , Doenças dos Ovinos/diagnóstico
10.
Res Vet Sci ; 48(2): 209-15, 1990 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2110377

RESUMO

The serological response and protection conferred against Brucella ovis by the Rev 1 vaccine was evaluated in both adult (experiment 1) and young rams (experiment 2) vaccinated either subcutaneously or conjunctivally. In experiment 1 the Rev 1 vaccine protected 55.5 per cent and 100 per cent, respectively, of subcutaneously and conjunctivally vaccinated rams against three consecutive challenges that infected 100 per cent of unvaccinated controls. In experiment 2, Rev 1 protected 100 per cent of rams vaccinated subcutaneously and 70 per cent of those vaccinated conjunctivally against a challenge dose able to infect all the unvaccinated controls. The serological response after vaccination was significantly lower in rams vaccinated conjunctivally than in those vaccinated subcutaneously.


Assuntos
Vacina contra Brucelose/administração & dosagem , Brucelose/veterinária , Doenças dos Ovinos/prevenção & controle , Vacinação/veterinária , Animais , Anticorpos Antibacterianos/biossíntese , Brucella/imunologia , Vacina contra Brucelose/imunologia , Brucelose/prevenção & controle , Testes de Fixação de Complemento , Túnica Conjuntiva , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Imunodifusão , Injeções Subcutâneas/veterinária , Masculino , Ovinos
11.
Am J Vet Res ; 50(4): 560-3, 1989 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2712423

RESUMO

Twenty-four rams inoculated with Brucella ovis by conjunctival and preputial routes were treated with a long-acting oxytetracycline alone or in combination with dihydrostreptomycin sulfate. The combined treatment eliminated Brucella ovis from 11 of 12 (91.6%) treated rams. Only 4 of 12 (33.3%) rams treated with oxytetracycline alone were bacteriologically negative. Neither treatment resolved clinical epididymitis in 2 rams affected before treatment. Many rams had pathologic lesions in the epididymis and ampullae, which limited the efficacy of antibiotic treatment.


Assuntos
Brucelose/veterinária , Oxitetraciclina/uso terapêutico , Doenças dos Ovinos/tratamento farmacológico , Estreptomicina/uso terapêutico , Animais , Brucella/isolamento & purificação , Brucelose/tratamento farmacológico , Brucelose/microbiologia , Preparações de Ação Retardada , Quimioterapia Combinada , Masculino , Ovinos , Doenças dos Ovinos/microbiologia
12.
Vet Rec ; 144(20): 555-8, 1999 May 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10371013

RESUMO

Forty yearling Brucella-free ewes were inoculated with Brucella ovis by the conjunctival route in mid or late first pregnancy. Only a few ewes excreted B ovis during pregnancy and gave birth to stillborn lambs, but most of them excreted the organism at lambing or during lactation. One of the 11 lambs which were born alive but died before they were weaned was found to be infected postmortem. In contrast, none of the 46 surviving lambs which were reared in isolation until adulthood, was found to be infected. At weaning, the 40 ewes were mated again with five Brucella-free rams. Although many of the ewes excreted B ovis, none of the rams was found to be infected when necropsied after mating. Most of the ewes that became pregnant, all having excreted B ovis during their first pregnancy, cleared the infection during the second pregnancy. However, three remained persistently infected and excreted B ovis in their milk throughout the second lactation. None of the lambs born to these three ewes was found to be infected when necropsied at weaning.


Assuntos
Brucella/isolamento & purificação , Brucelose/veterinária , Transmissão Vertical de Doenças Infecciosas/veterinária , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/veterinária , Doenças dos Ovinos/transmissão , Animais , Animais Recém-Nascidos , Brucelose/transmissão , Transmissão de Doença Infecciosa/veterinária , Feminino , Lactação , Masculino , Gravidez , Ovinos
13.
Vet Rec ; 143(14): 390-4, 1998 Oct 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9802197

RESUMO

The sensitivities of three commercial peroxidase conjugates (polyclonal anti-sheep IgG, recombinant protein G and a monoclonal anti-ruminant IgG1) in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for Brucella ovis were evaluated. The monoclonal and protein G conjugates reduced, but did not totally remove, the characteristic background reactivity observed with the sera from brucella-free sheep. The protein G conjugate provided the best sensitivity, similar to that obtained with the classical gel diffusion test. Both tests were highly specific when testing sera from brucella-free animals but detected as positive a large proportion of sera from both Brucella melitensis-infected and B melitensis Rev 1-vaccinated sheep.


Assuntos
Brucella/imunologia , Brucelose/veterinária , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática/veterinária , Imunoglobulina G/análise , Doenças dos Ovinos/diagnóstico , Animais , Anticorpos Antibacterianos/análise , Brucelose/diagnóstico , Brucelose/imunologia , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática/métodos , Imunoglobulina G/imunologia , Proteínas do Tecido Nervoso/imunologia , Peroxidases , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Ovinos , Doenças dos Ovinos/imunologia
14.
Vet Rec ; 138(17): 409-11, 1996 Apr 27.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8733178

RESUMO

The efficacy of two selective media for the isolation of Brucella melitensis from naturally infected sheep and goats was compared. Two hundred and eighty sheep and 60 goats belonging to B melitensis-infected flocks were slaughtered and samples of milk (when available) and seven tissues were taken from each animal for bacteriological analyses. A modified Thayer-Martin's medium was more sensitive than Farrell's medium; by the combined use of both media 142 infected sheep and 40 infected goats were detected, and 486 of the samples from the sheep and 179 of the samples from the goats were found to be infected.


Assuntos
Brucella melitensis/isolamento & purificação , Meios de Cultura , Cabras/microbiologia , Ovinos/microbiologia , Animais , Feminino
15.
Vet Rec ; 134(16): 415-20, 1994 Apr 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8036772

RESUMO

Fifteen different Rose Bengal antigens showed large differences with respect to pH, cell concentration and agglutination with the international standard anti-Brucella abortus serum, demonstrating the lack of international standardisation. Their sensitivity and specificity, compared with that of the complement fixation test, were evaluated for the diagnosis of B melitensis infection in culture-positive sheep, brucella-free ewes, and sheep and goats belonging to field flocks under different epidemiological conditions. All the Rose Bengal antigens and the complement fixation test had 100 per cent specificity when testing brucella-free sheep or animals belonging to flocks in unvaccinated brucellosis-free areas, but there were large differences in sensitivity between the Rose Bengal antigens with sera from culture-positive sheep or from animals belonging to infected flocks. When using the most sensitive antigen, no difference was observed in Rose Bengal sensitivity between animals infected with either biovar 1 or biovar 3 of B melitensis. The relationship between the sensitivity of the Rose Bengal antigens and cell concentration was unclear, but their sensitivity was related to the standardisation of the antigens with the international standard serum. The complement fixation test was less sensitive than the Rose Bengal test when testing culture-positive sheep. When testing sera from animals belonging to infected flocks with antigens standardised according to European Union rules, no great differences were observed in the sensitivities of the two tests. However, great differences in sensitivity between the Rose Bengal antigens were observed with sera from animals belonging to flocks with low levels of prevalence.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)


Assuntos
Brucella melitensis , Brucelose/veterinária , Testes de Fixação de Complemento/veterinária , Doenças das Cabras/diagnóstico , Rosa Bengala , Doenças dos Ovinos/diagnóstico , Animais , Anticorpos Antibacterianos/imunologia , Antígenos de Bactérias/isolamento & purificação , Brucella melitensis/imunologia , Brucelose/diagnóstico , Feminino , Cabras , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Ovinos
16.
Vet Rec ; 125(20): 504-8, 1989 Nov 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2512715

RESUMO

The sensitivity and specificity of the complement fixation, gel diffusion and ELISA tests for the diagnosis of Brucella ovis infection of rams have been compared using three different antigenic preparations. The antigens obtained by petroleum ether - chloroform - phenol, or cold saline extractions gave poorer diagnostic results than those obtained by hot saline extraction in all the tests. The best sensitivity was obtained with the ELISA (97.6 per cent) followed by the gel diffusion (96.4 per cent) and complement fixation tests (92.7 per cent). The gel diffusion test detected as positive the two rams negative in the ELISA, while the complement fixation test did not improve the sensitivity of the other tests. Under these conditions all the tests were 100 per cent specific when testing sera from rams free of B ovis.


Assuntos
Brucelose/veterinária , Testes de Fixação de Complemento/veterinária , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática/veterinária , Imunodifusão/veterinária , Doenças dos Ovinos/diagnóstico , Animais , Anticorpos Antibacterianos/análise , Antígenos de Bactérias , Brucella/imunologia , Brucelose/diagnóstico , Masculino , Ovinos
17.
Vet Microbiol ; 168(1): 161-8, 2014 Jan 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24331743

RESUMO

Swine brucellosis by Brucella suis biovar 2 is an emerging disease whose control is based on serological testing and culling. However, current serological tests detect antibodies to the O-polysaccharide (O/PS) moiety of Brucella smooth lipopolysaccharide (S-LPS), and thus lack specificity when infections by Yersinia enterocolitica O:9 and other gram-negative bacteria carrying cross-reacting O/PS occur. The skin test with the protein-rich brucellin extract obtained from rough B. melitensis B115 is assumed to be specific for discriminating these false positive serological reactions (FPSR). However, B115 strain, although unable to synthesize S-LPS, accumulates O/PS internally, which could cause diagnostic problems. Since the brucellin skin test has been seldom used in pigs and FPSR are common in these animals, we assessed its performance using cytosoluble protein extracts obtained from B. abortus rough mutants in manBcore or per genes (critical for O/PS biosynthesis) and B. melitensis B115. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were determined in B. suis biovar 2 culture positive and brucellosis free sows, and apparent prevalence in sows of unknown individual bacteriological and serological status belonging to B. suis biovar 2 naturally infected herds. Moreover, the specificity in discriminating brucellosis from FPSR was assessed in brucellosis free boars showing FPSR. The skin test with B. abortus ΔmanBcore and B. melitensis B115 allergens performed similarly, and the former one resulted in 100% specificity when testing animals showing FPSR in indirect ELISA, Rose Bengal and complement fixation serological tests. We conclude that O/PS-free genetically defined mutants represent an appropriate alternative to obtain Brucella protein extracts for diagnosing swine brucellosis.


Assuntos
Alérgenos , Proteínas de Bactérias , Brucella abortus/genética , Brucella/metabolismo , Brucelose/diagnóstico , Testes Cutâneos/veterinária , Doenças dos Suínos/diagnóstico , Animais , Brucella/imunologia , Brucella abortus/imunologia , Brucelose/imunologia , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática/veterinária , Feminino , Masculino , Mutação , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Testes Sorológicos/veterinária , Testes Cutâneos/normas , Suínos
19.
Vaccine ; 27(2): 187-91, 2009 Jan 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19007836

RESUMO

Brucella melitensis Rev.1 is the most effective vaccine against B. ovis infection in sheep but induces antibodies interfering with B. melitensis diagnosis. Brucella BP26 and Omp31 proteins are differential diagnostic antigens. Single or double bp26 and omp31 Rev.1 deletion mutants have been proven effective against B. melitensis in sheep. Here, the CGV26 (deleted in bp26 gene) and CGV2631 (deleted in both bp26 and omp31 genes) mutants have been tested for efficacy against B. ovis in rams. Either inoculated subcutaneously or conjunctivally, both mutants conferred significant protection against B. ovis. The protection induced by CGV26 was similar to that of Rev.1 but significantly higher than that conferred by CGV2631. In conclusion, the CGV26 mutant, in association with the adequate diagnostic strategy, could be a useful alternative to Rev.1 for sheep vaccination against B. ovis infections in those countries performing simultaneously B. melitensis and B. ovis eradication campaigns.


Assuntos
Proteínas da Membrana Bacteriana Externa/genética , Vacinas Bacterianas/administração & dosagem , Brucella ovis/imunologia , Brucelose/veterinária , Deleção de Genes , Proteínas de Membrana/genética , Doenças dos Ovinos/prevenção & controle , Animais , Vacinas Bacterianas/genética , Vacinas Bacterianas/imunologia , Brucella melitensis/genética , Brucella melitensis/imunologia , Brucelose/microbiologia , Brucelose/prevenção & controle , Imunização/veterinária , Masculino , Mutação , Ovinos , Doenças dos Ovinos/imunologia , Doenças dos Ovinos/microbiologia , Resultado do Tratamento
20.
J Antimicrob Chemother ; 58(3): 622-6, 2006 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16849379

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: The objective of the present study was to compare the efficacy of gentamicin given alone or combined with doxycycline with that of standard combination therapies in BALB/c mice experimentally infected with the Brucella melitensis vaccine strain Rev 1. METHODS: A standard broth microdilution method was applied to determine the susceptibility of strain Rev 1 to the clinically most relevant aminoglycosides. Eight groups of BALB/c mice were inoculated intraperitoneally (ip) with 1 x 10(6) cfu/mouse of strain Rev 1. While one group remained untreated, the other seven groups were treated 10 days later once a day for 14 days with (i) doxycycline given orally at 2 mg/day; (ii) streptomycin given ip at 0.4 mg/day; (iii) gentamicin given ip at 0.4 mg/day; (iv) rifampicin given orally at 0.5 mg/day; (v) doxycycline plus streptomycin; (vi) doxycycline plus gentamicin; and (vii) doxycycline plus rifampicin. The number of cfu per spleen and clearance of Rev 1 were assessed 34 days after inoculation. RESULTS: With the exception of streptomycin, strain Rev 1 was susceptible to all aminoglycosides tested. As expected, the combination doxycycline/streptomycin was ineffective against Rev 1 infection. In contrast, the combinations doxycycline/gentamicin and doxycycline/rifampicin were effective in the clearance of Rev 1 infection, but only the former improved significantly the therapeutic efficacy as compared with that of the antibiotics given alone. CONCLUSIONS: Gentamicin may be used along with doxycycline when the classical combination is considered the first choice in the treatment of patients with brucellosis due to B. melitensis vaccine strain Rev 1.


Assuntos
Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Brucella melitensis/efeitos dos fármacos , Brucelose/tratamento farmacológico , Animais , Antibacterianos/administração & dosagem , Brucella melitensis/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana Múltipla/efeitos dos fármacos , Quimioterapia Combinada , Feminino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Resultado do Tratamento
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