Chemical modification of chitosan. Part 15: synthesis of novel chitosan derivatives by substitution of hydrophilic amine using N-carboxyethylchitosan ethyl ester as an intermediate.

The Michael type reaction of chitosan with ethyl acrylate has been investigated. Although this reaction was quite slow in the case of chitosan, the reiteration of the reaction was an effective means for increasing the degree of substitution (DS) of ethyl ester. The N-carboxyethylchitosan ethyl ester as an intermediate was successfully substituted with various hydrophilic amines, although the simultaneous hydrolysis of the ester to carboxylic acid also occurred. Water-soluble chitosan derivatives were obtained by substitution with hydroxyalkylamines and diamines.

Production of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine from alpha-chitin by crude enzymes from Aeromonas hydrophila H-2330.

The selective and efficient production of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) was achieved from flake type of alpha-chitin by using crude enzymes derived from Aeromonas hydrophila H-2330.