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1.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35785902

RESUMO

Objective: To investigate the occupational damage to workers exposed to chromate in a steel plant. Methods: In January 2021, a retrospective analysis was used to select 850 workers exposed to chromate (observation group) and 598 workers not exposed to chromate (control group) in a steel plant in Shandong Province from 2016 to 2017 as the investigation. We collected their occupational-related information, blood routine, fasting blood sugar, nasal lesions, skin lesions, chest X-rays and other inspection results, compared the differences in the abnormal detection rate of the two groups of respondents, and analyzed the occupational hazards of chromium workers. Results: Incidence of nasal damage, skin lesion, up-regulation of ALT (Alanine aminotransferase), abnormal chest radiograph, abnormal serum biochemical index, and abnormal serum glucose level were observed higher in the exposed group than those in the control group (χ(2)=125.69, 12.25, 5.82, 10.37, 10.46, 20.66, P=0.000, 0.000, 0.016, 0.001, 0.001, 0.000). Among the symptoms, the incidence of erythra, nasal septum deviation, nasal mucosal congestion, nasal mucosal erosion and rhinitis were more frequent than those in the control group (χ(2)=101.54, 4.07, 13.20, 32.05, P=0.000, 0.044, 0.000, 0.000). There was no significant increase in the incidence of work type, age, length of work and the area of nasal mucosa erosion in the observation group compared with the control table, and the difference was not statistically significant (χ(2)=5.31、0.42、0.28, P=0.505, 0.662, 0.871) . Conclusion: Occupational hazards of long-term exposure to chromate cannot be ignored. Attention should be paid to strengthening occupational protection and health education of workers exposed to chromium, and increasing their attention.


Assuntos
Doenças Nasais , Exposição Ocupacional , Cromatos/análise , Cromatos/toxicidade , Cromo , Humanos , Exposição Ocupacional/efeitos adversos , Exposição Ocupacional/análise , Estudos Retrospectivos , Aço
2.
Artigo em Chinês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31177700

RESUMO

Occupational chromium rhinopathy is chronic nasal damage caused by chromic anhydride, chromate and dichromate 6-valent chromium compounds. In 2016, 700 people who were exposed to chromium slag in steel plant were checked out. 24 people were found to have nasal injuries. The expert group confirmed 1 case of occupational severe chromium rhinosis and 23 cases of occupational mild chromium rhinosis.There was no significant difference in the incidence, type of work and duration of injury among 24 patients (P>0.05) . Active measures should be taken to prevent chromium rhinopathy and the technological process should be reformed. Occupational health education and occupational health monitoring should be strengthened to avoid exposure of chromium and its compounds through nose and respiratory tract, and to reduce or eliminate the occurrence of chromium rhinosis.


Assuntos
Cromo , Doenças Nasais , Exposição Ocupacional , Cromatos , Cromo/intoxicação , Humanos , Doenças Nasais/induzido quimicamente , Sistema Respiratório
3.
J Appl Microbiol ; 114(4): 1046-53, 2013 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23311635

RESUMO

AIMS: This work was performed to characterize new secondary metabolites with neuraminidase (NA) inhibitory activity from marine actinomycete strains. METHODS AND RESULTS: An actinomycete strain IFB-A01, capable of producing new NA inhibitors, was isolated from the gut of shrimp Penasus orientalis and identified as Streptomyces seoulensis according to its 16S rRNA sequence (over 99% homology with that of the standard strain). Repeated chromatography of the methanol extract of the solid-substrate culture of S. seoulensis IFB-A01 led to the isolation of streptoseolactone (1), and limazepines G (2) and H (3). The structures of 1-3 were determined by a combination of IR, ESI-MS, 1D ((1) H and (13) C NMR, and DEPT) and 2D NMR experiments (HMQC, HMBC, (1) H-(1) H COSY and NOESY). Compounds 1-3 showed significant inhibition on NA in a dose-dependent manner with IC50 values of 3.92, 7.50 and 7.37 µmol l(-1), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report of two new (1 and 2) and known (3, recovered as a natural product for the first time in the work) NA inhibitors from the marine-derived actinomycete S. seoulensis IFB-A01. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The three natural NA inhibitors maybe of value for the development of drug(s) necessitated for the treatment of viral infections.


Assuntos
Benzodiazepinas/isolamento & purificação , Lactonas/isolamento & purificação , Neuraminidase/antagonistas & inibidores , Streptomyces/química , Animais , Benzodiazepinas/química , Clostridium perfringens/enzimologia , Lactonas/química , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Estrutura Molecular , Penaeidae/microbiologia , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , Streptomyces/genética
5.
Biochim Biophys Acta ; 1725(1): 120-7, 2005 Aug 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16054758

RESUMO

Free radicals and other reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated by all aerobic cells and are widely believed to play a significant role in aging as well as a number of degenerative or pathological diseases. This study compared the free radical-scavenging properties and antioxidant activity of YCP, a polysaccharide from the mycelium of a marine filamentous fungus Phoma herbarum YS 4108 and its two chemically sulfated derivatives YCP-S1 and YCP-S2. Sulfation, which masks hydroxyl groups of YCP polysaccharide molecule, could introduce new antioxidant activity, such as superoxide and hydroxyl radicals scavenging activity, metal chelating action, lipid peroxidation and linoleic acid oxidation inhibition capability. Furthermore, sulfated YCP was more potent than YCP at protecting erythrocytes against oxidative damage hemolysis. The current data suggest for the first time that sulfation of polysaccharide significantly increases its antioxidant activity and the chemical modification of polysaccharides may allow the preparation of derivatives with new properties and a variety of applications.


Assuntos
Antioxidantes/química , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Fungos/metabolismo , Polissacarídeos/biossíntese , Polissacarídeos/química , Sulfatos/química , Animais , Quelantes/química , Quelantes/farmacologia , Eritrócitos/citologia , Eritrócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Hemólise/efeitos dos fármacos , Radical Hidroxila/química , Ácido Linoleico/química , Peroxidação de Lipídeos/efeitos dos fármacos , Ratos , Espectroscopia de Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier , Superóxidos/química
6.
Ultrason Sonochem ; 13(1): 28-31, 2006 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16223683

RESUMO

Differential functionalization of the phenolic groups in genistein was carried out in excellent yields under ultrasonic irradiation. The isoflavone ring had proved to be unstable under stirring at 60 degrees C and phenyl benzyl ketone was unexpectedly isolated instead of the genistein derivative.


Assuntos
Genisteína/análogos & derivados , Genisteína/síntese química , Sonicação , Genisteína/isolamento & purificação , Genisteína/efeitos da radiação , Isomerismo
7.
Bioresour Technol ; 97(5): 786-9, 2006 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16006124

RESUMO

The effects of the carbon and nitrogen sources, initial pH and incubation temperature on laccase production by the endophytic fungus Monotospora sp. were evaluated. The optimal temperature and initial pH for laccase production by Monotospora sp. in submerged culture were found to be 30 degrees C and 8.5, respectively. Maltose (2 g l(-1)) and ammonium tartrate (10 g l(-1)) were the most suitable carbon and nitrogen source for laccase production. Under optimal culture medium, the maximum laccase activity was determined to be 13.55 U ml(-1), which was approximately four times higher than that in basal medium. This is the first report on laccase production by an endophytic fungus.


Assuntos
Ascomicetos/enzimologia , Reatores Biológicos , Cynodon/microbiologia , Lacase/biossíntese , Carbono/análise , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Maltose , Nitrogênio/análise , Tartaratos , Temperatura
8.
Bioresour Technol ; 97(15): 1969-73, 2006 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16230008

RESUMO

Repellent and insecticidal activities of essential oils extracted from leaves of Artemisia princeps Pamp and seeds of Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Presl. against storage pests Sitophillus oryzae L. and Bruchus rugimanus Bohem were investigated. Results showed that the two individual oils displayed good, but their mixture (1:1) exhibited much better repellent activities at concentrations from 250 to 1000 microg g(-1) and insecticidal actions at concentrations 1000 microg g(-1) against the test beetles S. oryzae and B. rugimanus. Oils from A. princeps and C. camphora applied individually were significantly toxic to seed germination of wheat at 500 microg ml(-1). However, no toxic effects were found when the two oils were mixed (1:1 w/w) at the same concentration. These observations indicated that the mixture of the two plant-derived oils had a synergic effect and could be used in the control of storage pests.


Assuntos
Artemisia/química , Cinnamomum camphora/química , Repelentes de Insetos/farmacologia , Inseticidas/farmacologia , Óleos Voláteis/farmacologia , Sementes/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Besouros/efeitos dos fármacos , Germinação , Testes de Toxicidade/métodos , Triticum/efeitos dos fármacos , Vicia faba/efeitos dos fármacos , Gorgulhos/efeitos dos fármacos
9.
Biochimie ; 87(8): 747-54, 2005 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15885873

RESUMO

YCP, a mitogenic polysaccharide with its molecular weight (MW) of 2.4 x 10(3) kDa, was isolated from the mycelium of the marine filamentous fungus Phoma herbarum YS4108 by a combination of ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-32 and gel permeation over Sephacryl S-400. The detailed compositional, spectroscopic and methylation analyses of the polysaccharide demonstrated that its backbone possessed most likely a linear alpha-(1 --> 4) bonded glucopyranoside main chain co-bearing through side alpha-(1 --> 6)-linkage. The alpha-(1 --> 4) bondage of the glucopyranoside building blocks in YCP was confirmed by the observation that it could be hydrolyzed by the alpha-amylase produced by Bacillus licheniformis. A reliable concentration monitoring experimentation highlighted that the reducing sugars released continuously from YCP during its incubation with the enzyme, and the MW of the main resulting fragment weighed 0.8 x 10(4) Da with approximately 10% of YCP converted to maltose, maltotriose and glucose after a 120-min enzymatic degradation. Finally, YCP was found to be able to increase phagocytic activity of mice in vitro and in vivo, indicating that it may be looked up as a potent immunomodulator that could activate macrophages.


Assuntos
Fungos/química , Polissacarídeos/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Cromatografia por Troca Iônica , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Estabilidade Enzimática , Feminino , Fungos/metabolismo , Hidrólise , Macrófagos Peritoneais/citologia , Macrófagos Peritoneais/efeitos dos fármacos , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Metilação , Camundongos , Mitógenos/farmacologia , Monossacarídeos/metabolismo , Fagocitose , Polissacarídeos/química , Polissacarídeos/metabolismo , Polissacarídeos/farmacologia , Baço/citologia , Baço/efeitos dos fármacos , Fatores de Tempo , alfa-Amilases/metabolismo
10.
J Biotechnol ; 115(2): 137-44, 2005 Jan 26.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15607232

RESUMO

A number of studies indicate that free radicals are involved in the neurodegeneration in Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. EPS2, an exopolysaccharide with a mean molecular weight of 1.3 x 10(5) Da, was isolated by ion-exchange and sizing chromatography from the culture of Keissleriella sp. YS4108, a marine filamentous fungus. Compositionally, it is composed of galactose, glucose, rhamnose, mannose and glucuronic acid in an approximate proportion of 50:8:1:1:0.4. The protective effects of EPS2 on peroxide hydrogen (H2O2)-induced cell lesion, level of lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzyme activities were investigated in the rat pheochromocytoma line PC12 cells. Following a 1-h exposure of the cells to H2O2, a significant reduction in cell survival and activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT), as well as increased levels in malondialdehyde (MDA) production and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release were observed. However, preincubation of the cells with EPS2 prior to H2O2 exposure elevated the cell survival and GSH-Px and CAT activities, and decreased the level of MDA and LDH activity in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, EPS2 possesses pronounced protective effects against H2O2-induced cell toxicity. The finding is of a higher value in searching for new therapeutic agent for treating oxidative damage-derived neurodegenerative disorders.


Assuntos
Ascomicetos/metabolismo , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Citoproteção/efeitos dos fármacos , Peróxido de Hidrogênio/farmacologia , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Polissacarídeos Bacterianos/farmacologia , Animais , Sobrevivência Celular/fisiologia , Citoproteção/fisiologia , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Interações Medicamentosas , Estresse Oxidativo/fisiologia , Células PC12 , Ratos
11.
FEMS Microbiol Lett ; 241(1): 67-72, 2004 Dec 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15556711

RESUMO

Fractionation of the extract of Aspergillus niger. IFB-E003, an endophyte in Cyndon dactylon, gave four known compounds naphtho-gamma-pyrones rubrofusarin B, fonsecinone A, asperpyrone B and aurasperone A, which were further investigated biologically. Rubrofusarin B was shown to be cytotoxic to the colon cancer cell line SW1116 (IC50: 4.5 microgml-1), and aurasperone A inhibitory on XO (xanthine oxidase) (IC50: 10.9 micromoll-1). Moreover, the four naphtho-gamma-pyrones exhibited growth inhibitions against the five test microbes with MICs ranging in between 1.9 and 31.2 microgml(-1). The present recognition of rubrofusarin B and aurasperone A as strong co-inhibitors on XO, colon cancer cell and some microbial pathogens is of significance for the imperative discovery of new relevant therapeutic agents.


Assuntos
Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Aspergillus niger/metabolismo , Inibidores Enzimáticos/farmacologia , Pironas/farmacologia , Xantina Oxidase/antagonistas & inibidores
12.
J Biotechnol ; 88(3): 277-82, 2001 Jul 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11434973

RESUMO

Artemisia annua, well recognized for its production of antimalarial drug artemisinin, is seldom attacked by any of phytopathogenic fungi, which could be partially associated with the presence of endophytes. Present investigation is aiming at disclosing whether the endophytes inside A. annua produce antifungal substances. A total of 39 endophytes were isolated and fermented, and the ferment broth was evaluated in vitro for the antifungal activity against crop-threatening fungi Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici, Rhizoctonia cerealis, Helminthosporium sativum, Fusarium graminearum, Gerlachia nivalis and Phytophthora capsici. These plant pathogens are still causing wheat take-all, sharp eyespot, common rot, scab, snow mould, and pepper phytophthora blight, respectively. Out of 39 endophytes investigated, 21 can produce in vitro substances that are inhibitory to all or a few of the tested phytopathogens whereas the rest yielded nothing active. Moreover, the most active broth of endophyte IV403 was extracted with EtOAc and n-butanol, and comparisons of the antifungal activity of the extracts indicated that the major active metabolites were EtOAc-extractable.


Assuntos
Actinomycetales/efeitos dos fármacos , Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Artemisia/química , Fungos/fisiologia , Actinomycetales/fisiologia , Antifúngicos/química , Antifúngicos/isolamento & purificação , Artemisia/microbiologia , Fermentação , Fungos/efeitos dos fármacos , Fungos/metabolismo , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Simbiose
13.
J Biotechnol ; 114(3): 279-87, 2004 Nov 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15522437

RESUMO

Aspergillus fumigatus CY018 was recognized as an endophytic fungus for the first time in the leaf of Cynodon dactylon. By bioassay-guided fractionation, the EtOAc extract of a solid-matrix steady culture of this fungus afforded two new metabolites, named asperfumoid (1) and asperfumin (2), together with six known bioactive compounds including monomethylsulochrin, fumigaclavine C, fumitremorgin C, physcion, helvolic acid and 5alpha,8alpha-epidioxy-ergosta-6,22-diene-3beta-ol as well as other four known compounds ergosta-4,22-diene-3beta-ol, ergosterol, cyclo(Ala-Leu) and cyclo(Ala-Ile). Through detailed spectroscopic analyses including HRESI-MS, homo- and hetero-nuclear correlation NMR experiments (HMQC, COSY, NOESY and HMBC), the structures of asperfumoid and asperfumin were established to be spiro-(3-hydroxyl-2,6-dimethoxyl-2,5-diene-4-cyclohexone-(1,3')-5'-methoxyl-7'-methyl-(1'H, 2'H, 4'H)-quinoline-2',4'-dione) and 5-hydroxyl-2-(6-hydroxyl-2-methoxyl-4-methylbenzoyl)-3,6-dimethoxyl-benzoic methyl ester, respectively. All of the 12 isolates were subjected to in vitro bioactive assays against three human pathogenic fungi Candida albicans, Tricophyton rubrum and Aspergillus niger. As a result, asperfumoid, fumigaclavine C, fumitremorgin C, physcion and helvolic acid were shown to inhibit C. albicans with MICs of 75.0, 31.5, 62.5, 125.0 and 31.5 microg/mL, respectively.


Assuntos
Antifúngicos/metabolismo , Aspergillus fumigatus/metabolismo , Cynodon/microbiologia , Emodina/análogos & derivados , Ergosterol/análogos & derivados , Ácido Fusídico/análogos & derivados , Microbiologia Industrial/métodos , Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Aspergillus fumigatus/isolamento & purificação , Benzoatos/metabolismo , Benzofenonas/química , Candida albicans/efeitos dos fármacos , Emodina/metabolismo , Emodina/farmacologia , Ergosterol/metabolismo , Alcaloides de Claviceps , Ácido Fusídico/metabolismo , Ácido Fusídico/farmacologia , Éteres de Hidroxibenzoatos , Hidroxibenzoatos/química , Alcaloides Indólicos/metabolismo , Alcaloides Indólicos/farmacologia , Indóis/metabolismo , Indóis/farmacologia , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Estrutura Molecular , Peptídeos Cíclicos/metabolismo , Folhas de Planta/microbiologia , Pironas/química , Pironas/metabolismo , Quinolonas/química , Quinolonas/metabolismo
14.
Phytochemistry ; 46(6): 1035-8, 1997 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9396170

RESUMO

Repeated fractionations of the methanol extract of the subterranean parts (rhizomes and roots) of Gentiana siphonantha afforded two new and five known secoiridoids, in addition to the widespread plant constituents beta-sitiosterol, daucosterol and oleanolic acid. The structures of the new acyl secoiridoid glycosides were elucidated as 6'-gentisoyl 8-epikingiside and 2'-gentisoyl gelidoside mainly by a combination of high field NMR techniques. The known secoiridoids were identified as gentiolactone, gentiopicroside, sweroside, gelidoside and trifloroside. None of these constituents was active against human pathogenic fungi (Candida albican, Aspergillus flavus and Trichoderma viride). The chemotaxonomic significance of the isolates is discussed briefly.


Assuntos
Glucosídeos/química , Glucosídeos/isolamento & purificação , Extratos Vegetais/química , Extratos Vegetais/isolamento & purificação , Plantas Medicinais , Piranos/química , Piranos/isolamento & purificação , Rauwolfia/química , Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Glucosídeos/farmacologia , Humanos , Glucosídeos Iridoides , Iridoides , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Plantas Medicinais/química , Piranos/farmacologia , Espectrometria de Massas de Bombardeamento Rápido de Átomos
15.
Phytochemistry ; 54(8): 909-12, 2000 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11014287

RESUMO

Two new cyclobutane-type lignans, named moslolignans A and B, together with two known ones, andamanicin and magnosalin, were isolated from the whole plant of Mosla scabra. Their structures were established as 1beta*,2beta*,3alpha*,4alpha*-1,2-dimethyl-3-(3- methoxy-4,5-methylene-dioxyphenyl)-4-(2,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-cycl obutane and 1beta*,2beta*,3alpha*,4alpha*-1,2-dimethyl-3-(2, 5-dimethoxy-3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-4-(2,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-cyclobu tane by spectroscopic methods. This is the first report of naturally-occurring cyclobutane-type lignans with asymmetrical substitutions.


Assuntos
Alcenos/isolamento & purificação , Ciclobutanos/isolamento & purificação , Plantas Medicinais/química , Ciclobutanos/química , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Estrutura Molecular , Espectrofotometria Ultravioleta
16.
Phytochemistry ; 49(1): 157-61, 1998 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9745767

RESUMO

The aerial parts of Artemisia sieversiana afforded, in addition to beta-sitosterol, stigmasterol and daucosterol, two novel lignans as well as one known and three new guaianolides. The roots of Inula racemosa gave beta-sitosterol, daucosterol and isoalantolactone. The structures were determined by a combination of spectral methods (IR, EIMS, 1H and 13C NMR, DEPT, COSY, NOESY and HETCOR). All isolates were subjected to antifungal tests. Isoalantolactone, a major sesquiterpene lactone of I. racemosa, was found to be active against the human pathogenic fungi. Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, Geotrichum candidum, Candida tropicalis and C. albicans at concentrations of 50, 50, 25, 25 and 25 micrograms/ml, respectively. The taxonomic significance of the characterized constituents is discussed briefly.


Assuntos
Antifúngicos/química , Lactonas/química , Lignanas/química , Medicina Tradicional Chinesa , Plantas Medicinais/química , Sesquiterpenos/química , Antifúngicos/isolamento & purificação , Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Aspergillus/efeitos dos fármacos , Candida/efeitos dos fármacos , China , Geotrichum/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Inula , Lactonas/isolamento & purificação , Lactonas/farmacologia , Lignanas/isolamento & purificação , Lignanas/farmacologia , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Estrutura Molecular , Raízes de Plantas , Sesquiterpenos/isolamento & purificação , Sesquiterpenos/farmacologia
17.
Phytochemistry ; 47(7): 1223-6, 1998 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9611826

RESUMO

Repetitive chromatography of the methanol extract of the roots of Gentiana tibetica afforded two new secoiridoid glycosides and a novel antifungal anthranilic acid derivative, together with beta-sitosterol, daucosterol, oleanolic acid, loganic acid, gentiopicroside, sweroside, 2'-(2,3-dihydroxybenzoyl)sweroside, trifloroside, rindoside and macrophylloside A. The structures of the new products were determined mainly by spectroscopic methods as 8-hydroxy-10-hydrosweroside, isomacrophylloside and ethyl N-docosanoylanthranilate. Ethyl N-docosanoylanthranilate inhibited the growth of the human pathogenic fungi Candida albicans and Aspergillus flavus. The taxonomic significance of the constituent is discussed briefly.


Assuntos
Antifúngicos/isolamento & purificação , Glucosídeos/isolamento & purificação , Iridoides , Raízes de Plantas/química , Plantas Medicinais/química , Piranos/isolamento & purificação , ortoaminobenzoatos/isolamento & purificação , Antifúngicos/química , Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Aspergillus flavus/efeitos dos fármacos , Candida albicans/efeitos dos fármacos , Configuração de Carboidratos , Cromatografia em Gel , Cromatografia por Troca Iônica , Glucosídeos/química , Glucosídeos/farmacologia , Glucosídeos Iridoides , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Medicina Tradicional Chinesa , Piranos/química , Piranos/farmacologia , ortoaminobenzoatos/química , ortoaminobenzoatos/farmacologia
18.
Phytochemistry ; 64(4): 903-6, 2003 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14559289

RESUMO

An antimicrobial cerebroside, pinelloside, was isolated from the air-dried tubers of Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Breit. Its structure was determined as 1-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(2S,3R,4E,11E)-2-(2'R-hydroxyhexadecenoylamino)-4,11-octadecadiene-1,3-diol by chemical transformation and extensive spectroscopic analyses (IR, MS, 1H and 13C NMR, DEPT as well as 2D NMR techniques HMBC, HMQC, 1H-1H COSY and NOESY). The antimicrobial assay showed that this compound was inhibitory to the growth of Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 20, 50, 30 and 10 microg/ml, respectively. The MICs of penicillin G against bacteria B. subtilis, S. aureus, E. coli, P. fluorescens and H. pylori were 0.80, 0.34, 0.56, 1.34 and 0.92, and those of ketoconazole against fungi A. niger, C. albicans and T. rubrum 0.90, 0.65 and 1.0 microg/ml, respectively.


Assuntos
Anti-Infecciosos/isolamento & purificação , Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Cerebrosídeos/isolamento & purificação , Cerebrosídeos/farmacologia , Pinellia/química , Anti-Infecciosos/química , Bacillus subtilis/efeitos dos fármacos , Candida albicans/efeitos dos fármacos , Cerebrosídeos/química , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Estrutura Molecular , Análise Espectral/métodos , Staphylococcus aureus/efeitos dos fármacos
19.
Phytochemistry ; 41(1): 111-6, 1996 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8588862

RESUMO

Fractionation of an aqueous acetone extract of the whole herb of Gentiana algida gave one new [2'-(o,m-dihydroxybenzyl)sweroside] and five known secoiridoids, together with anofinic acid, fomannoxin acid, sitosterol, daucosterol, stigmasterol, oleanolic acid, orientin and gentianose. The structures were determined by spectral methods and a few chemical transformations. Anofinic acid and fomannoxin acid were found to be active against Cladosporium cucumerinum, a plant pathogenic fungus. Preliminary structure-activity studies indicated that the presence of carboxylic moieties in these acids was presumably a precondition for activity, whereas their methyl esters, inactive to the fungus, were active against the human pathogenic yeast Candida albicans. The chemotaxonomic significance of the isolates is discussed briefly.


Assuntos
Antifúngicos/isolamento & purificação , Candida albicans/efeitos dos fármacos , Cladosporium/efeitos dos fármacos , Glucosídeos/isolamento & purificação , Plantas Medicinais , Piranos/isolamento & purificação , Esteroides/isolamento & purificação , Acetona , Antifúngicos/química , Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Candida albicans/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Candida albicans/isolamento & purificação , Cladosporium/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Glucosídeos/química , Glucosídeos/farmacologia , Humanos , Iridoides , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Magnoliopsida , Espectrometria de Massas , Medicina Tradicional Chinesa , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Estrutura Molecular , Rotação Ocular , Fitoterapia , Extratos Vegetais , Piranos/química , Piranos/farmacologia , Esteroides/química , Esteroides/farmacologia
20.
Phytochemistry ; 58(7): 1141-5, 2001 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11730880

RESUMO

Three highly oxygenated guaianolides were isolated from the aerial parts of Ajania fruticulosa along with 17 known phytochemicals including a triterpene (alpha-amyrin), two plant sterols (beta-sitosterol, daucosterol), four flavonoids (axillarin, centaureidin, santin and 5,7,4'-trihydroxy-3,3'-dimethoxyflavone), and ten sesquiterpenes [1alpha-hydroperoxy-4beta,8alpha,10alpha,13-tetrahydroxyguaia-2-en-12,6alpha-olide, 1alpha-hydroperoxy-4alpha,10alpha-dihydroxyguaia-9alpha-angeloyloxyguaia-2,11(13)-dien-12,6alpha-olide, 3beta,4alpha-dihydroxyguaia-11(13),10(14)-dien-12,6alpha-olide, 1alpha,4alpha,10alpha-trihydroxy-9alpha-angeloyloxyguaia-2,11(13)-dien-12,6alpha-olide, 1beta,2beta-epoxy-3beta,4alpha,10alpha-trihydroxy-guaia-11(13)-en-12,6alpha-olide and 2-oxo-8alpha-hydroxyguaia-1(10),3,11(13)-trien-12,6alpha-olide, ketoplenolide B, alantolactone, 9beta-hydroxyeudesma-4,11(13)-dien-12-oic acid and 9beta-acetoxyeudesma-4,11(13)-dien-12-oic acid]. The structures of the three guaianolides were elucidated by a combination of spectroscopic methods (EIMS, HREIMS, COSY, HMQC, HMBC and NOESY) as 1beta,2beta-epoxy-3beta,4alpha,8beta,10alpha-tetrahydroxyguaia-11(13)-en-12,6alpha-olide (1), 1beta,2beta-epoxy-3beta,4alpha,9alpha,10alpha-tetrahydroxyguaia-11(13)-en-12,6alpha-olide (2) and 1beta,2beta-epoxy-10alpha-hydroperoxy-3beta,4alpha,8beta-trihydroxyguaia-11(13)-en-12,6alpha-olide (3), respectively. Antifungal bioassay of all isolates showed that guaianolides 1, 2, 3, and 1beta,2beta-epoxy-3beta,4alpha,10alpha-trihydroxyguaia-11(13)-en-12,6alpha-olide were inhibitory to the growth of Candida albicans with MICs being 20, 20, 20, and 40 microg/ml, respectively.


Assuntos
Antifúngicos/isolamento & purificação , Asteraceae/química , Sesquiterpenos/isolamento & purificação , Antifúngicos/química , Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Candida albicans/efeitos dos fármacos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Estrutura Molecular , Oxigênio/química , Sesquiterpenos/química , Sesquiterpenos/farmacologia , Análise Espectral
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